Information For You

7 Steps Cancer Prevention

2009-11-24T19:52:00.000-08:00

Cancer prevention: 7 steps to reduce your risk
Small changes in your everyday life might help reduce your risk of cancer.
By Mayo Clinic staff

You've probably heard conflicting reports in the news about what can or can't help you in terms of cancer prevention. The issue of cancer prevention gets confusing — sometimes what's recommended in one report is advised against in another. What you can be sure of when it comes to cancer prevention is that making small changes to your everyday life might help reduce your chances of getting cancer. Try these seven cancer prevention steps.

Cancer prevention step 1: Don't use tobacco

All types of tobacco put you on a collision course with cancer. Rejecting tobacco, or deciding to stop using it, is one of the most important health decisions you can make. It's also an important part of cancer prevention.

Smoking has been linked to several types of cancer, including:

* Bladder
* Cervix
* Esophagus
* Kidney
* Lip
* Lung
* Mouth
* Pancreas
* Throat
* Voice box (larynx)

Chewing tobacco has been linked to multiple types of cancer, including:

* Esophagus
* Mouth
* Pancreas
* Throat

Inhaled chewing tobacco (snuff) may increase the risk of cancers, including:

* Esophagus
* Mouth

Even if you don't smoke, avoid exposure to secondhand smoke. Being around others who are smoking may increase your risk of lung cancer.

Cancer prevention step 2: Eat a variety of healthy foods

Though making healthy selections at the grocery store and at mealtime can't guarantee you won't get cancer, it may help reduce your risk.

The American Cancer Society recommends that you:

* Eat an abundance of foods from plant-based sources. Eat five or more servings of fruits and vegetables each day. In addition, eat other foods from plant sources, such as whole grains and beans, several times a day. Replacing high-calorie foods in your diet with fruits and vegetables may help you lose weight or maintain your weight. A diet high in fruits and vegetables has been linked to a reduced risk of cancers of the colon, esophagus, lung and stomach.
* Limit fat. Eat lighter and leaner by choosing fewer high-fat foods, particularly those from animal sources. High-fat diets tend to be higher in calories and may increase the risk of overweight or obesity, which can, in turn, increase cancer risk.
* Drink alcohol in moderation, if at all. Your risk of cancers, including mouth, throat, esophagus, kidney, liver and breast cancers, increases with the amount of alcohol you drink and the length of time you've been drinking regularly. Even a moderate amount of drinking — two drinks a day if you're a man or one drink a day if you're a woman, and one drink a day regardless of your sex if you're over 65 — may increase your risk.

Cancer prevention step 3: Stay active and maintain a healthy weight

Maintaining a healthy weight and exercising regularly also may play a role in cancer prevention. Being overweight or obese may increase your risk of cancers of the breast, colon, esophagus, kidney, stomach and uterus. Physical activity can help you avoid obesity by controlling your weight. Physical activity on its own may also lower your risk of cancers of the breast, colon, prostate and uterus.

Try to be physically active for 30 minutes or more on most days of the week. Once you achieve that goal, adding more exercise to your day may reduce your risk of certain cancers further.

Your exercise sessions can include such low-key activities as brisk walking, raking the yard or even ballroom dancing. Safe exercise programs are available for just about everyone. Your doctor or physical therapist can help design one for you.

Cancer prevention step 4: Protect yourself from the sun

Skin cancer is one of the most common kinds of cancer — and one of the most preventable. Although repeated exposure to X-rays or contact with certain chemicals can play a role, sun exposure is by far the most common cause of skin cancer.

Most skin cancer occurs on exposed parts of your body, including your face, hands, forearms and ears. Nearly all skin cancer is treatable if you detect it early, but it's better to prevent it in the first place. Try these tips:

* Avoid peak radiation hours. The sun's ultraviolet (UV) radiation peaks between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m. Minimize or avoid being outside during these hours.
* Stay in the shade. If you go outside, minimize your sun exposure by staying in the shade.
* Cover exposed areas. Wear light-colored, loosefitting clothing that protects you from the sun's rays. Use tightly woven fabrics that cover your arms and legs, and wear a broad-brimmed hat that covers your head and ears.
* Don't skimp on sunscreen. Use a broad-spectrum sunscreen that has a sun protection factor (SPF) of at least 15.
* Don't use indoor tanning beds or sunlamps. These also can damage your skin. There's no such thing as a healthy tan.

Cancer prevention step 5: Get immunized

Certain cancers are associated with viral infections that can be prevented with immunizations. Talk to your doctor about immunization against:

* Hepatitis B. Hepatitis B can increase your risk of developing liver cancer. Vaccination is recommended for all babies in the United States. Certain high-risk adults also may need to be vaccinated.
* Human papillomavirus (HPV). HPV is a sexually transmitted virus that can lead to cervical cancer. The vaccine that protects against two cancer-causing types of HPV is recommended for girls ages 11 to 12. In addition, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends that the HPV vaccine be given to girls and women ages 13 to 26 who haven't completed the full vaccine series.

Talk to your doctor about whether you would benefit from immunizations to reduce your risk of cancer.

Cancer prevention step 6: Avoid risky behaviors

Reduce your risk of certain cancers by avoiding risky behaviors that can lead to infections that may increase your risk of cancer. Viruses transmitted sexually or by sharing contaminated needles include:

* HPV. HPV is most often associated with cervical cancer. But HPV may also increase the risk of cancers of the anus, penis, throat, vulva and vagina. The more sexual partners you have in your lifetime, the more likely you are to have HPV.
* Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). People with HIV or AIDS have an increased risk of anal cancer, cervical cancer, liver cancer, lymphoma and Kaposi's sarcoma. People with multiple sexual partners and intravenous (IV) drug users who share needles have an increased risk of HIV.
* Hepatitis B and C. Chronic hepatitis B or hepatitis C infection can increase your risk of liver cancer. Both forms of hepatitis can be passed through sexual contact with an infected person or sharing needles with an infected drug user.

Reduce your risk of these cancers by avoiding risky behaviors. Abstain from sex or use condoms and limit the number of sexual partners you have. Never share needles. Seek help for your addiction if you use drugs.

Cancer prevention step 7: Get screened

Regular screening and self-examination for certain cancers may not prevent cancer, but it can increase your chances of discovering cancer early — when treatment is more likely to be successful. Screening should include your skin, mouth, colon and rectum. If you're a man, it should also include your prostate and testes. If you're a woman, include cervix and breast cancer screening on your list. Be aware of changes in your body — this may help you detect cancer early, increasing your chances of successful treatment. If you notice any changes, see your doctor.

Brain Cancer

2009-11-19T20:58:00.000-08:00

What is brain cancer?

Brain cancer is a disease of the brain in which cancer cells (malignant) arise in the brain tissue. Cancer cells grow to form a mass of cancer tissue (tumor) that interferes with brain functions such as muscle control, sensation, memory, and other normal body functions. Tumors composed of cancer cells are called malignant tumors, and those composed of noncancerous cells are called benign tumors. Cancer cells that develop from brain tissue are called primary brain tumors while tumors that spread from other body sites to the brain are termed metastatic brain tumors. Statistics suggest that brain cancer occurs infrequently and is likely to develop in about 22,000 new people per year in 2009, with about 13,000 deaths as estimated by the National Cancer Institute (NCI).

Not all brain tumors are alike, even if they arise from the same type of brain tissue. Tumors are assigned a grade depending on how the cells in the tumor appear microscopically. The grade also provides insight as to the cell's growth rate. NCI lists the following grades:

* Grade I: The tissue is benign. The cells look nearly like normal brain cells, and they grow slowly.

* Grade II: The tissue is malignant. The cells look less like normal cells than do the cells in a grade I tumor.

* Grade III: The malignant tissue has cells that look very different from normal cells. The abnormal cells are actively growing (anaplastic).

* Grade IV: The malignant tissue has cells that look most abnormal and tend to grow quickly.

The most common primary brain tumors are usually named for the brain tissue type from which they originally developed. These are gliomas, meningiomas, pituitary adenomas, vestibular schwannomas, and primitive neuroectodermal tumors (medulloblastomas). Gliomas have several subtypes which include astrocytomas, oligodendrogliomas, ependymomas, and choroid plexus papillomas. When the grades are coupled with the tumor name, it gives doctors a better understanding about the severity of the brain cancer. For example, a grade III (anaplastic) glioma is an aggressive tumor, while an acoustic neuroma is a grade I benign tumor. However, even benign tumors can cause serious problems if they grow big enough to cause increased intracranial pressure or obstruct vascular structures or cerebrospinal fluid flow.

What is metastatic brain cancer?

Cancer cells that develop in a body organ such as the lung (primary cancer tissue type) can spread via the bloodstream or lymphatic system to other body organs such as the brain. Tumors formed by such cancer cells that spread (metastasize) to other organs are called metastatic tumors. Metastatic brain cancer is a mass of cells (tumor) that originated in another body organ and has spread into the brain tissue. Metastatic tumors in the brain are more common than primary brain tumors. They are usually named after the tissue or organ where the cancer first developed (for example, metastatic lung or breast cancer tumors in the brain, which are the most common types found).

What causes brain cancer?

Primary brain tumors arise from many types of brain tissue (for example, glial cells, astrocytes, and other brain cell types). Metastatic brain cancer is caused by the spread of cancer cells from a body organ to the brain. However, the causes for the change from normal cells to cancer cells in both metastatic and primary brain tumors are not fully understood. Data gathered by research scientists show that people with certain risk factors are more likely to develop brain cancer. Individuals with risk factors such as having a job in an oil refinery, as a chemist, embalmer, or rubber-industry worker show higher rates of brain cancer. Some families have several members with brain cancer, but heredity as a cause for brain tumors has not been proven. Other risk factors such as smoking, radiation exposure, and viral infection (HIV) have been suggested but not proven to cause brain cancer. There is no good evidence that brain cancer is contagious, caused by head trauma, or caused by cell phone use. Although many lay press and Web articles claim that aspartame (artificial sweetener) causes brain cancer, as of 2009, the FDA maintains that it does not cause brain cancer and base their findings on over 100 toxicological and clinical studies regarding the sweetener's safety.

What are the symptoms and signs of brain cancer?

The most common symptoms of brain cancer are weakness, difficulty walking, seizures, and headaches. Other common symptoms are nausea, vomiting, blurry vision, or a change in a person's alertness, mental capacity, memory, speech, or personality. These symptoms can also occur in people that do not have brain cancer, and none of these symptoms alone or in combination can predict that a person has brain cancer. Cancer can occur in any part of the brain (for example, occipital, frontal, parietal, or temporal lobes, brainstem, or meningeal membranes). A few brain cancers may produce few or no symptoms (for example, some meningeal and pituitary gland tumors).

What tests are used to diagnose brain cancer?

The initial test is an interview that includes a medical history and physical examination of the person by a health-care provider. The results of this interaction will determine if other specific tests need to be done.

The most frequently used test to detect brain cancer is a CT scan (computerized tomography). This test resembles a series of X-rays and is not painful, although sometimes a dye needs to be injected into a vein for better images of some internal brain structures. Another test that is gaining popularity because of its high sensitivity for detecting anatomic changes in the brain is MRI (magnetic resonance imaging). This test also resembles a series of X-rays and shows the brain structures in detail better than CT. MRI is not as widely available as CT scanning. If the tests show evidence (tumors or abnormalities in the brain tissue) of brain cancer, then other doctors such as neurosurgeons and neurologists that specialize in treating brain ailments will be consulted to help determine what should be done to treat the patient. Occasionally, a tissue sample (biopsy) may be obtained by surgery or insertion of a needle to help determine the diagnosis. Other tests (white blood cell counts, electrolytes, or examination of cerebrospinal fluid to detect abnormal cells or increased intracranial pressure) may be ordered by the health-care practitioner to help determine the patient's state of health or to detect other health problems.

What is the treatment for brain cancer?

A treatment plan is individualized for each brain cancer patient. The treatment plan is constructed by the doctors who specialize in brain cancer, and treatments vary widely depending on the cancer type, brain location, tumor size, patient age, and patient's general health status. A major part of the plan is also determined by the patient's wishes. Patients should discuss treatment options with their health-care providers.

Surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy are the major treatment categories for most brain cancers. Individual treatment plans often include a combination of these treatments. Surgical therapy attempts to remove all of the tumor cells by cutting the tumor away from normal brain tissue. This surgery is often termed invasive surgery to distinguish it from noninvasive radiosurgery or radiation therapy described below.

Radiation therapy attempts to destroy tumor cells by using high-energy radiation focused onto the tumor to destroy the tumor cells' ability to function and replicate. Radiosurgery is a nonsurgical procedure that delivers a single high dose of precisely targeted radiation using highly focused gamma-ray or X-ray beams that converge on the specific area or areas of the brain where the tumor or other abnormality is located, minimizing the amount of radiation to healthy brain tissue. Equipment used to do radiosurgery varies in its radiation source; a gamma knife uses focused gamma rays, and a linear accelerator uses photons, while heavy-charged particle radiosurgery uses a proton beam.

Chemotherapy attempts to destroy tumor cells using chemicals (drugs) that are designed to destroy specific types of cancer cells. There are many chemical agents used; specific drug therapies are numerous, and each regimen is usually designed for the specific type of brain cancer and individualized for each patient. Chemotherapy can be administered intrathecally (by a surgically placed permanent reservoir in the brain), by lumbar puncture, by IV administration, and biodegradable chemically impregnated polymers. All treatments attempt to spare normal brain cells.

Other treatments may include hyperthermia (heat treatments), immunotherapy (immune cells directed to kill certain cancer cell types), or steroids to reduce inflammation and brain swelling. These may be added on to other treatment plans.

Clinical trials (treatment plans designed by scientists to try new chemicals or treatment methods on patients) can be another way for patients to obtain treatment specifically for their cancer cell type. Clinical trials are part of the research efforts to produce better treatments for all disease types. The best treatment for brain cancer is designed by the team of cancer specialists in conjunction with the wishes of the patient.

4000 Racun Bahaya Dalam Asap Rokok

2009-11-18T20:43:00.000-08:00

SEBUTLAH apa jua jenis penyakit yang bakal menyerang dan boleh meragut nyawa, semuanya tidak berkesan di hati perokok. Makin ditegah, makin banyak kempen kesedaran diadakan, semakin menjadi-jadi pula tabiat merokok yang kini mula menular di kalangan kanak-kanak sekolah rendah.

Kanser juga tidak digeruni perokok kerana kebanyakan kes berlaku pada perokok berumur 50 tahun ke atas. Jadi ia sukar memberi kesan di hati perokok muda yang menganggap perkara itu masih terlalu jauh untuk berlaku kepada mereka.

Namun, seperkara yang perlu diingat dan difahami betul-betul ialah, insiden kes kanser mula melanda pesakit muda. Menariknya, sembilan daripada 10 jenis kanser paling popular bagi lelaki berpunca atau ada kaitan rapat dengan merokok.

Pengarah Eksekutif Persatuan Kebangsaan Kanser Malaysia (NCSM), Dr Saunthari Somasundaram, berkata penggunaan tembakau (sama ada menghisap rokok, cerut atau paip) menyumbang 30 peratus kematian di kalangan pesakit kanser.

Sehingga kini, sekurang-kurangnya ada 15 jenis kanser yang dikenal pasti berhubung rapat dengan tabiat merokok, antaranya barah paru-paru, mulut, tekak, buah pinggang, serviks, usus, perut, pankreas dan prostat. Berita baiknya, dua pertiga daripada semua jenis kanser boleh dielakkan dan caranya sangat mudah, iaitu berhenti merokok.

Statistik berdasarkan Persidangan Kawalan Tembakau Malaysia 2005 pada Mei lalu menunjukkan hampir 50 peratus lelaki Malaysia merokok dan jumlah ini adalah jauh jika dibandingkan dengan jumlah purata insiden merokok dunia (49 peratus) dan 39 peratus di negara membangun.

“Dianggarkan ada lapan juta perokok di Malaysia dan yang menyedihkan, 75 peratus mula merokok sebelum umur 20 tahun. Kini, umur perokok semakin muda dan ada kanak-kanak sekolah rendah juga mula merokok. Ini bermakna kebarangkalian mendapat kanser boleh berlaku lebih awal.

“Asap rokok mengambil masa panjang untuk menunjukkan keburukannya. Biasanya, keburukan ini muncul apabila umur menjangkau 50 tahun dan ini sebabnya ia tidak dapat menyedarkan perokok muda. Mereka anggap mereka muda dan perjalanan untuk dapat penyakit masih terlalu jauh,” katanya.

Rasanya semua orang tahu maklumat mengenai asap rokok yang mengandungi 4,000 bahan kimia berbahaya dan 60 daripadanya sangat beracun. Antaranya Ammonia (bahan pencuci lantai), Aseton (bahan penanggal cat), Arsenik (racun anai-anai), Toluidine, Urethane, Toluena (Bahan Pelarut), Dibenzacridine, Fenol, Butana (bahan api pemetik api), Karbon Monoksida (gas beracun ekzos kereta), Polonium-210, DDT (racun makhluk perosak), Maetanol (bahan api roket), Kadmium (bahan dalam bateri kereta), Naftalena (ubat gegat), Dimethylnitrosamine, Pyrene dan Naphthylamine.

Selain itu, pengusaha memasukkan 60 jenis bahan untuk ‘menyedapkan’ rasa rokok, termasuk gula dan nikotin. Nikotin menyebabkan orang ketagih merokok dan kesannya jauh lebih berbahaya berbanding heroin. Apabila anda merokok, asap rokok meresap masuk ke air liur dan semua sel dalam mulut. Apabila asap ditelan, semua racun tersebar ke semua sel laluan pernafasan sebelum berkumpul dalam paru-paru. Air liur bertindak balas memecahkan komponen asap rokok sebelum meresap ke salur darah.

Dari sini, bahan beracun dalam asap rokok merebak ke seluruh organ dalam badan. Ini juga sebabnya seorang lelaki boleh secara tiba-tiba mengalami masalah kesuburan, mati pucuk atau mendapat kanser prostat yang semuanya menyerang dalam diam. Asap rokok meracuni air liur yang menyebabkannya hilang manfaat asalnya. Akibatnya air liur bertukar kepada bahan yang boleh merosakkan sel dalam mulut dan menyebabkan gigi berlubang serta penyakit gusi. Dr Saunthari berkata, merokok juga boleh memberi kesan negatif terhadap semua bahagian dalam sistem pencernaan yang menyebabkan masalah ulser dan pedih ulu hati.

Selain itu, asap rokok memusnahkan bahan antioksidan semula jadi dalam air liur dan ia menjadi perangsang kepada pembentukan kanser dalam mulut. Perokok juga memerlukan lebih banyak vitamin C berbanding bukan perokok kerana kepekatan vitamin ini susut apabila merokok. Perokok memerlukan 110 miligram vitamin C sehari (bagi wanita) dan 180 miligram bagi lelaki untuk kekal sihat.

“Semua hasil tembakau memberikan kesan buruk sama seperti rokok, walaupun ia tidak dibakar. Tidak benar dakwaan yang mengatakan hisap cerut kurang berbahaya berbanding rokok kerana kandungannya lebih kurang sama,” katanya.

Malah, ada kajian yang dilaporkan dalam American Journal of Epidemiology menunjukkan, mengurangkan bilangan rokok dihisap setiap hari tidak memberi perbezaan nyata dengan orang yang merokok 15 batang sehari jika dinilai berdasarkan risiko kematian. Bagaimanapun, orang yang berhenti merokok boleh merendahkan risiko kematian sebanyak 35 peratus. Pun begitu, tidak ramai berdaya sampai ke peringkat ini, melainkan dengan kemahuan sendiri dan disertai semangat tinggi.

“Kebanyakan pesakit saya menyesali tindakan mereka. Untungnya penyakit mereka dapat dikesan awal dan masih boleh dirawat. Dalam keadaan ini, sudah terlambat untuk menyesal, tetapi hidup mesti diteruskan. Justeru, kami di NCSM lebih memberi tumpuan untuk menguatkan semangat mereka,” katanya.

Bekas pesakit kanser di NCSM kini menubuhkan kumpulan sokongan untuk memberi semangat kepada ahli kumpulan atau pesakit baru. Di sini mereka saling berkongsi pengalaman dan menyuntikkan kesedaran mengenai bahaya rokok kepada orang lain. Sesiapa yang berminat menyertai kumpulan sokongan ini boleh datang ke ibu pejabat NCSM di Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz pada jam 2 petang setiap Khamis minggu ketiga atau hubungi talian 03-26987300 bagi mendapatkan penerangan mengenai kanser.

DATA MENGENAI PEROKOK:
Jangka hayat lebih pendek 14 tahun daripada bukan perokok.

Rokok penyebab utama kepada:
• Penyakit jantung.
• Bronkitis.
• Strok.
• Nafas berbau.
• Gigi dan lidah bertukar warna.
• Luka dalam mulut sukar sembuh.
• Mengurangkan kepekaan deria rasa dan bau.
• Melanosis (tisu badan menjadi hitam akibat penghasilan banyak melanin).
• Masalah kerosakan gigi dan gusi.
• Gingivitis kronik.
• Ulser gingivitis.

Rokok penyebab utama kanser:
• Paru-paru.
• Larinks (peti suara).
• Leukoplakia (tompok putih dalam mulut, boleh bertukar menjadi kanser).
• Esofagus.
• Perut.
• Pankreas.
• Leukemia.
• Buah pinggang.
• Usus.
• Pundi kencing.

Rokok bertanggungjawab menyebabkan kematian akibat:
• Kanser paru-paru.
• Penyakit sekatan pulmonari kronik (COPD).
• Sakit jantung.
• Strok.

ORAL SEX

2009-11-17T20:37:00.000-08:00

What is oral sex?

Oral sex involves giving or receiving oral stimulation (i.e. sucking or licking) to the genitalia. Fellatio (also known as a 'blow job') is the term used to describe oral sex given to a man. Cunnilingus is the term which describes oral sex given to a woman.

Is oral sex common practice?

Many studies have shown that oral sex is practised by men and women of all ages, both gay and straight. It is a very common practice and may be performed on its own, or before or after sexual intercourse.

Is oral sex safe?

A number of studies have demonstrated that oral sex is not necessarily safe sex. Both giving and receiving oral sex can lead to the transmission of sexually transmitted infections or sexually transmitted diseases (also known as STIs or STDs).
Which STDs are transmitted via oral sex?

The most common STD transmitted via oral sex is herpes. There are two main types of herpes simplex virus (HSV): HSV type 1 and HSV type 2. HSV type 1 usually causes cold sores around the mouth, while HSV type 2 generally causes genital herpes sores. However, oral sex can sometimes cause HSV type 1 around the mouth to be transmitted to the genital area causing genital sores in the other person. This process can also work in reverse, with HSV-2 transmitted from the genitals to the mouth of the other person during oral sex, though this is rare.

The human papillomavirus that causes genital warts can very occasionally be transmitted through oral sex, causing warts to appear around or inside the mouth in anyone who has given oral sex to an infected person.

Gonorrhoea has been shown to infect the throat of some people who have given oral sex to an infected person. This infection can then be passed on from the throat to the genitals of any future partners. The body will almost always naturally clear the throat of the bacteria that cause gonorrhoea within three months, although infections in the genital tract will usually require antibiotics to cure. Chlamydia can also infect the throat in a similar way, although this is less common. Both infections may result in a sore throat, although many people will remain asymptomatic and unaware they are infected.

Syphilis may be passed on during oral sex if a person’s mouth comes into contact with an open sore or a skin rash caused by the infection.

Gastrointestinal infections and parasites may be passed on during oral contact with the anus.

The hepatitis A virus is also contained in human faeces, and may be passed on during anal-oral sex.

Hepatitis B is contained in sexual fluids and blood and may be transmitted during oral sex in a similar way to HIV (see below).

Hepatitis C is generally only contained in blood, and will only be transmitted if there is blood present during oral sex.

Can HIV be transmitted during oral sex?

HIV can pose a small risk for both the active (person giving the oral stimulation) and receptive (person receiving oral stimulation) partner.

Transmission from an HIV positive receptive partner to an HIV negative active partner may occur when the active partner gets sexual fluid (semen or vaginal fluid) or blood (from menstruation or a wound somewhere in the genital or anal region) into a cut, sore, ulcer or area of inflammation somewhere in their mouth or throat. The linings of the mouth and throat are very resistant to viral infections such as HIV, so infection is unlikely if they are healthy.

Transmission from an HIV positive active partner to an HIV negative receptive partner is generally believed to be less common. This is because HIV is normally only present in saliva in very low levels that are not sufficient to cause infection. The only risk in this scenario would be from bleeding wounds or gums in the HIV positive person’s mouth or on their lips, which may transfer blood onto the mucous membranes of the other person’s genitals or anus, or into any cuts or sores they may have. Hepatitis C can also be transmitted this way.

What is the risk of HIV transmission via oral sex?

The risk of HIV transmission from an infected partner through oral sex is much smaller than the risk of HIV transmission from anal or vaginal sex. Because of this, measuring the exact risk of HIV transmission as a result of oral sex is very difficult. In addition, since most sexually active individuals practice oral sex in addition to other forms of sex (such as vaginal and/or anal sex) when transmission occurs, it is difficult to determine whether or not it occurred as a result of oral sex or other more risky sexual activities. Finally, several co-factors can increase the risk of HIV transmission through oral sex, including oral ulcers and wounds, bleeding gums, genital sores, genital or oral piercings, and the presence of other STDs.

When scientists describe the risk of transmitting an infectious disease, like HIV, the term "theoretical risk" is often used. Very simply, "theoretical risk" means that passing an infection from one person to another is possible, even though there may not yet be any actual documented cases. "Theoretical risk" is not the same as likelihood. In other words, stating that HIV infection is "theoretically possible" does not necessarily mean it is likely to happen - only that it might. Documented risk, on the other hand, is used to describe transmission that has actually occurred, been investigated, and documented in the scientific literature.

Various scientific studies have been performed around the world to try and document and study instances of HIV transmission through oral sex. A programme in San Francisco studied 198 people, nearly all gay or bisexual men. The subjects stated that they had only had oral sex for a year, from six months preceding the six-month study to its end. 20 per cent of the study participants (39 people) reported performing oral sex on partners they knew to be HIV positive. 35 of those did not use a condom and 16 reported swallowing semen. No one became HIV positive during the study, although the small number of participants performing oral sex on HIV positive partners meant the researchers could only say that there was a less than 2.8 per cent chance of infection through oral sex over a year.1 In 2000, a different San Francisco study of gay men who had recently acquired HIV infection found that 7.8 per cent of these infections were attributed to oral sex.2 However, the results of the study have since been called into question due to the reliability of the participants' data.

Measuring the exact risk of HIV transmission as a result of oral sex is very difficult.

In June 2002, a study conducted amongst 135 HIV negative Spanish heterosexuals, who were in a sexual relationship with a person who was HIV positive, reported that over 19,000 instances of unprotected oral sex had not led to any cases of HIV transmission.3 The study also looked at contributing factors that could affect the potential transmission of HIV through oral sex. They monitored viral load and asked questions such as whether ejaculation in the mouth occurred and how good oral health was. Amongst HIV positive men, 34 per cent had ejaculated into the mouths of their partners. Viral load levels were available for 60 people in the study, 10 per cent of whom had levels over 10,000 copies. Nearly 16 per cent of the HIV positive people had CD4 counts below 200. The study, conducted over a ten year period between 1990 and 2000, adds to the growing number of studies which suggest varying levels of risk of HIV transmission from oral sex when compared to anal or vaginal intercourse.

At the 4th International Oral AIDS Conference held in South Africa, the risk of transmission through oral sex was estimated to be approximately 0.04 per cent per contact.4 This percentage figure is a lot lower than the two American figures, because this figure is a risk per contact percentage, whereas the other figures are percentage risks over much longer time periods. Oral sex is still regarded as a low-risk sexual activity in terms of HIV transmission, but only when more work is done will we be clearer as to the risks of oral sex.
Are there any individual documented cases of HIV transmission during oral sex?

While it is very difficult to ever know how HIV transmission occurred, according to a factsheet on oral sex produced by the CDC in 20005, there have been a few documented cases of transmission during oral sex. These have occurred in both receptive and active partners during fellatio, cunnilingus and anilingus.
How do I protect myself and my partner during oral sex?

The already low risk of becoming infected with HIV from oral sex can be reduced still further by using condoms. Flavoured condoms are available for those who don’t like the taste of latex or spermicide. For cunnilingus or anilingus, plastic food wrap, a condom cut open, or a dental dam (a thin square of latex) can serve as a physical barrier to prevent transmission of HIV and many other STDs.

Condoms For Safer Sex

2009-11-08T17:54:00.000-08:00

Latex condoms are the most effective way to prevent pregnancy and to protect against STDs and HIV. Plus, they can make sex very enjoyable. Nothing is more reliable or offers protection like the latex protection. Because you have so much going for you and your future is just beginning, don't complicate your life with an unplanned pregnancy or diseases that will last the rest of your life.

When you are in a relationship (especially if you do not know how long it will last... a week, a month or longer?), the last thing you want to do is blow it by not wearing a condom. And that goes double for those out for a one night stand or just some fun! It is the only way to really have safer sex and you know what... it can be romantic, sexy and even enhance your experience.

Safer sex is all about caring for your partner and for yourself. So, please protect yourself and your partner. It is really the only way to enjoy sex and stay safe. PLEASE USE A CONDOM

It seems you can't turn on a television program or watch a movie anymore without encountering the requisite casual sex scene: a couple colliding in a passionate embrace, clothes and inhibitions cast aside as they fall - if not in love - at least to the floor. As the scene unfolds, there is no mention of safer sex, protecting themselves or HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases.

But in real life, if you want to protect yourself and you're sexually active, you have to ignore the glamorized on-screen image of sex and educate yourself on safer sex practices. Considering all that latex condoms can protect against - HIV, gonorrhea, chlamydia, syphilis, hepatitis B, and genital herpes (to name a few), it is worth it to learn more about protecting yourself.

HOW TO USE CONDOMS

* Use new condoms every time you perform any vaginal, anal, and oral sex (try flavored).

* Open the package carefully to avoid damage.

* Do not unroll before placing it on the penis.

* Gently press out air at the tip before putting it on.

* Put on when the penis is erect.

* Unroll to cover the entire erect penis.

* If it tears or comes off in the vagina, stop immediately and withdraw. Put on a new one before you continue.

* After ejaculation and before the penis gets soft, withdraw the penis and the condom together.

* Hold on to the rim as you withdraw so nothing spills.

* Gently pull off the penis.

* Discard in waste containers.

* Don't flush down the toilet.

* Never reuse condoms.

CONDOMS MAKE SEX SAFER!

* Remember, only latex condoms provide the best protection against STDs.

* They do have a shelf life, so check the expiration dates.

* They are tested many ways before they are packaged. Condom Hall only sells the top of the line, fully tested condom products (Trustex, Durex, Lifestyles, and Okamoto) with a Freshness Guarantee.

Better Sex?

Many women and men say they have better sex when they use condoms. They are able to focus on their sexual pleasure without distractions about unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted infection. Some couples put the condom on as part of their foreplay. Many men stay hard longer.

* Partner trust was the most cited reason for not wearing protection in a recent study sponsored by the National Institutes of Health. But be careful, CDC cautions, because even a trustworthy partner could unknowingly have a sexually transmitted disease. Many participants in the study said they didn't always wear protection because sex feels better without. But if you don't use protection, you run the risk of something that feels much worse!

Kanker Mulut Rahim

2009-11-03T22:50:00.000-08:00

Kanker mulut rahim adalah jenis kanker yang paling banyak diderita oleh wanita. Kanker mulut rahim, seperti juga kanker yang lain terjadi karena pertumbuhan sel yang tidak terkontrol karena adanya kelainan kerja gen. Sampai saat ini belum dapat dijelaskan mengapa seseorang akan menderita kanker mulut rahim, namun ada beberapa faktor risiko yang mungkin menyebabkan seseorang lebih besar risikonya untuk menderita kanker mulut rahim.

Dinegara-negara maju jumlah penderita kanker mulut rahim tidaklah sebanyak di negara berkembang, hal ini disebabkan tingginya kesadaran masyarakat untuk mengikuti program pendeteksian dini dan pencegahan.

Biasanya penderita kanker datang berobat ketika telah ada gejala-gejala dan ini berarti kanker sudah mulai menyebar sehingga penanganannya lebih sulit.

Penyebab kanker mulut rahim sampai saat ini belum diketahui secara pasti. Namun ada beberapa keadaan yang menyebabkan resiko terkena kanker ini meningkat seperti terinveksi virus HPV ( Human Papiloma Virus ).

Ada beberapa faktor yang menyebabkan wanita beresiko terkena kanker mulut rahim :

* Melakukan hubungan seksual pada usia muda ( 15 tahun ).
* Sering berganti-ganti pasangan.
* Melakukan hubungan intim dengan pria yang sering berganti-ganti pasangan.
* Penyakit menulas seksual.
* Memiliki kebiasaan sex yang menyimpang.
* Kurang menjaga kebersihan organ kewanitaan.
* Merokok.
* Sering melahirkan.
* Menggunakan pil KB lebih dari 4 tahun menaikkan resiko 1,5 – 2,5 kali.
* Kekurangan vitamin C, asam folat, retinol dan vitamin E.

Gejala kanker mulut rahim pada stadium dini :

* Kadang-kadang terjadi pendarahan
* Pendarahan setelah berhubungan intim

Beberapa gejala yang patut diwaspadai oleh kaum perempuan. Seperti munculnya keputihan, perdarahan setitik pascasenggama dan pengeluaran cairan encer dari vagina. Hal-hal tersebut bisa memberikan tanda ada kelainan pada mulut rahim.

Gejala kanker mulut rahim pada stadium lanjut :

* Nyeri perut bawah, panggul dan punggung
* Pendarahan dari saluran kencing dan anus
* Pebengkakan kaki

Pencegahan dan deteksi dini :

Pencegahan dan deteksi dini terhadap kanker mulut rahim dilakukan dengan melakukan pemeriksaan pap smear. Pap smear adalah tes kesehatan untuk memeriksa sel-sel di sekitar mulut rahim. Pemeriksaan pap smear sebaiknya dilakukan setahun sekali oleh wanita yang telah melakukan hubungan intim. Cara lain adalah melakukan vaksinasi terhadap virus HPV.

Pengobatan penyakit mulut rahim itu dapat dilakukan dengan berbagai pilihan
tergantung pada kondisi penyakit itu misalnya, melalui operasi, radiasi,
khemoterapi atau gabungan semua. Tentu pencegahan lebih baik daripada pengobatan.

Oleh karena itu, dokter Bambang Dwipoyono dari divisi kanker
ginekologis RSKD harmais menganjurkan ada beberapa upaya yang dilakukan untuk menghindari penyakit yang disebabkan oleh virus tersebut. .

Secara umum, katanya, pencegahan penyakit itu dapat dibagi menjadi tiga area
yaitu primer, sekunder, dan tertier. Pencegahan primer bertujuan menurunkan
angka kejadian suatu penyakit dan seluruh populasi adalah targetnya.

Untuk kanker serviks, pencegahan primer dapat dilakukan melalui perubahan pola
diet atau suplemen, vaksinasi profilaksi dan reduksi faktor-faktor risiko. Cara
untuk menurunkan risiko adalah dengan menghindari punya pasangan seks pria yang
banyak.

Selain itu, faktor nutrisi juga dapat mengatasi masalah kanker mulut rahim.
Penelitian mendapatkan hubungan yang terbalik antara konsumsi sayuran berwarna
hijau tua dan kuning (banyak mengandung betha karoten atau vitamin A, vitamin C
dan vitamin E) dengan kejadian neoplasia intra epithelial juga kanker serviks.

Artinya semakin banyak makan sayuran berwarna hijau tua dan kuning, maka akan
semakin kecil risiko untuk kena penyakit kanker mulut rahim. Sedangkan pencegahan sekunder meliputi deteksi dini atau penapisan dengan tujuan
menurunkan kejadian penyakit dengan menemukan sebelum menimbulkan gejala dan
memulai pengobatan seawal mungkin.

Pada kanker serviks pencegahannya dapat dilakukan melalui tes Pap (papsmear),
deteksi adanya virus papiloma manusia dan teknik baru yang dapat meningkatkan
kemampuan tes Pap dan deteksi virus papiloma manusia.

Karena proses dari normal sampai menjadi kanker itu memerlukan waktu yang agak lama, kata Bambang, tidak mungkin setelah 6 bulan tes Pap langsung positif.
Untuk pencegahan, dia menyarankan untuk melakukan tes Pap setelah usia 25 tahun
atau setelah aktif berhubungan seksual dengan frekuensi dua kali dalam setahun.
Bila dua kali tes Pap berturut-turut menghasilkan negatif, maka tes Pap dapat
dilakukan sekali setahun. .

Untuk pencegahan tertier ditujukan kepada penderita yang sudah menunjukkan
adanya penyakit dan gejala penyakit. Tujuannya adalah menurunkan kekambuhan atau menemukan kekambuhan seawal mungkin.

Cara pengobatan yang dilakukan terhadap penderita kanker mulut rahim adalah :

* Operasi
* Radioterapi
* Kemoterapi

Semakin dini kanker mulut rahim terdeteksi maka semakin mudah penangannya dan semakin besar harapan hidup yang dimiliki.

Breast Cancer (Kanker Payudara)

2009-11-01T21:37:00.000-08:00

What is Breast Cancer?

The term cancer covers more than a hundred diseases that share one trait: In all of the diseases, cells grow out of control and destroy healthy tissues. For women in the United States, the most common type of cancer is breast cancer. If you find a lump in your breast that turns out to be cancer, and you get treatment early-before it spreads beyond the breast-you have a good chance of leading a long, healthy life. If you are between the ages of 20 to 39, you should get a breast exam by a physician or other trained specialist at least every three years. If you are older than 40 on, get a breast exam annually.

Good News about Breast Cancer?

The death rate from breast cancer has been going down for the past ten years. How fast the cancer grows and whether it turns out to be fatal depend on a number of things, including your age, your overall health, and how well your immune system-with medical help-can fight it.

If detected early, breast cancer can often be treated effectively with surgery that preserves the breast, followed by radiation therapy.

Symptoms of Breast Cancer?

Cancerous breast lumps are usually painless, firm, and hard to move. If you feel a lump in your breast that does not change with your monthly cycle, tell your doctor. If you notice thickening in a breast, tell your doctor. Do not delay. Early detection and treatment of breast cancer can dramatically improve your chances of complete recovery.

Other symptoms are: A change in breast size or shape that seems unrelated to your menstrual cycle, discharge from the nipple, a change in the color or texture of the skin of the breast.

Breast cancer and sex

Stages of Breast Cancer

There are 4 main stages of breast cancer.

Stage I breast cancer

Tumors are =< 2 centimeters, no lymph node involvement

Stage II breast cancer

Tumors are > 2 centimeters but =< 5 centimeters, Lymph nodes may be involved, cancer has traveled to the lymph nodes located in the armpit

Stage III breast cancer is the starting point for advanced breast cancer. It is subdivided into Stage IIIa and Stage IIIb.

Stage IIIa

Tumor is <5 centimeters and has spread to the lymph nodes under the arm, and the lymph nodes are attached to each other or to other structures
OR
Tumor is >5 centimeters and has spread to the lymph nodes under the arm

Stage IIIb

Tumor has spread to tissues near the breast (skin, chest wall [including the ribs and the muscles in the chest])
OR
Tumor has spread to lymph nodes inside the chest wall along the breast bone

Stage IV breast cancer
Advanced cancer occurs when the cancer cells have spread (metastasized) to other parts of the body-most often the lungs, brain, bones, or liver

How is Breast Cancer Diagnosed?

If you notice a strange lump in your breast, your physician will order medical tests. Depending on the results of the tests, your doctor may do a minor surgery called a biopsy to remove a sample of tissue in the lump. A biopsy is done with either a fine needle or a small incision. The sample is then checked under a microscope for signs of cancer. Most lumps aren't cancerous. In fact, of the 500,000 women each year who have a biopsy, up to 80 percent learn their lumps are benign. If the lump turns out to be cancerous, your doctor will order more tests to help decide on the best treatment.

Men and Breast Cancer

According to the American Cancer Society, it is estimated that about 1400 men developed breast cancer in 1995. This number is just under 1 percent of the new breast cancer cases diagnosed in that year. In the same year, about 240 men died of breast cancer.

Can Breast Cancer be Treated?

Yes. Doctors consider a variety of factors when selecting the appropriate therapy. These factors include:

* Patient's age
* Characteristics of the cancer, and
* Whether the patient is:
- premenopausal (still having menstrual periods)
- postmenopausal (no longer having menstrual periods)

Four types of treatment are used: surgery (procedures such as "lumpectomy" (the removal of the tumor) and "mastectomy" (the removal of the entire breast), radiation therapy (using high-dose x-rays to kill cancer cells), chemotherapy (using drugs to kill cancer cells), and hormone therapy (using drugs that change the way hormones work or taking out organs that make hormones, such as the ovaries).

Treatment may be more successful if it is found in the early states. Self tests are useful in finding breast cancer in its early stages.

Effects of Treatment

Can Breast Cancer Be Prevented?

There is no certain way to prevent breast cancer. For now, the best plan for women at average breast cancer risk is to reduce risk factors whenever possible. Also, following the American Cancer Society's guidelines for early detection as outlined in "Can Breast Cancer be Found Early?" will not prevent breast cancer, but can help find cancers when the likelihood of successful treatment is greatest.

Aroma Parfum Lebih Berbahaya dari Asap Rokok!!

2009-10-29T01:30:00.001-07:00

Seperti yang kita ketahui, dan mungkin banyak dari juragan semua yang menyukai aroma parfum yang biasanya untuk menyegarkan wangi dari pakaian yang kita gunakan, ternyata aroma dari parfum itu berbahaya gan! Terdapat 500 lebih bahan kimia yang bisa meracuni tubuh menjadi bahan dasar parfum

Saat ini, sejumlah kantor, klub kesehatan, studio yoga, dan tempat umum dibuat peraturan harus bebas wewangian. Tidak hanya asap rokok, ternyata tempat-tempat ini juga melarang orang yang masuk memakai parfum dan wewangian lainnya. Pasalnya, dari hasil penelitian, parfum pun dapat menciptakan polusi udara, atau populer dikenal sebagai 'polusi parfum'!!!!

Dari hasil penelitian tersebut, tidak sedikit orang yang menderita asma, gangguan perpanasan lainnya, penyakit lingkungan, atau kelelahan berlebihan yang disebabkan terpapar wewangian parfum yang bertahan di udara meski telah lama disemprotkan.

Penelitian ini amat mengejutkan. Bagaimana tidak? Hampir semua wanita, bahkan pria mengenakan parfum. Siapa sangka, banyak bahan kimia yang terkandung dalam parfum atau wewangian lain yang tak kalah berbahaya dibandingkan bahaya asap rokok.

Jika Anda bisa mencium aroma parfum, itu karena bahan molekul sintesis yang beracun dari parfum masuk lewat saluran pernapasan, yang langsung memberikan jalan menuju otak. Yang juga berbahaya, meskipun tidak mencium aromanya, Anda tetap menghirup bahan kimia dari paparan parfum.

Karena itu, otak atau organ tubuh paling vital ini bisa terganggu akibat aroma parfum ini. Sebenarnya, otak dilindungi oleh mekanisme yang tak bisa ditembus zat berbahaya. Sayangnya, hal ini tidak sepenuhnya bisa melindungi otak. Penelitian baru-baru ini menunjukkan system ini dapat membiarkan sejumlah racun lingkungan, termasuk yang terkandung dalam parfum yang dapat masuk ke otak.

Dan, jika sudah masuk ke dalam otak, beberapa racun baru bisa dihilangkan dalam waktu lama dan dengan pengobatan intensif. Kerusakan otak bisa berupa peradangan dan munculnya plak otak. Keduanya merupakan gangguan paling berbahaya pada otak.

Beberapa bahan kimia yang biasa terkandung dalam parfum:
antara lain ethanol, benzaldehyde, benzyl acetate, a-pinene, acetone, benzyl alcohol, ethyl acetate, linalool, a-terpinene, methylene chloride, a-terpineol, camphor, dan limonene. Memang, sebagian dari bahan ini memang tidak berbahaya bagi tubuh. Tapi, sebagian lagi bisa menyebabkan otot tubuh tegang, lebih mudah marah, asma, sakit persendian, kelelahan, tenggorokan gatal, sakit kepala, batuk, dan iritasi kulit.

Jadi, aroma parfum atau wewangian tubuh lainnya yang dianggap bisa membuat pemakainya lebih atraktif, ternyata juga bisa mengganggu kesehatan. Setidaknya, untuk menyeimbangkan racun yang masuk ke dalam tubuh, sebaiknya Anda lindungi tubuh dengan asupan makanan yang mengandung antioksidan tinggi, seperti buah-buahan dan sayuran.

Pembunuh Sel Kanker dari Kunyit

2009-10-29T01:07:00.000-07:00

Ilmuwan Inggris sedang meneliti khasiat ektra berbahan dasar kunyit yang terdapat dalam makanan kari pedas. Dugaan awal, ektrak tersebut berpotensi membunuh sel kanker. Tak main-main, ekstrak bekerja pada 24 jam pertama sejak dikonsumsi. Bahan kimia tersebut -curcumin- telah lama diketahui memiliki daya memulihkan tenaga dan telah dites sebagai cara pengobatan radang sendi dan kepikunan. Meskipun masih dalam skala laboratorium, tes oleh tim dari Cork Cancer Research Centre menunjukkan daya hancur curcumin terhadap sel-sel kanker kerongkongan.

Sejumlah ahli kanker menyebutkan, temuan yang dipublikasikan dalam British Journal of Cancer tersebut dapat membantu para dokter menemukan cara pengobatan di luar model pengobatan sekarang. Seorang anggota tim peneliti telah lama tahu potensi bahan-bahan alami yang menyembuhkan sel-sel yang salah, seperti curcumin. Para dokter di Inggris berharap pada temuan yang lebih maju untuk mengobati kanker kerongkongan. Setiap tahun sekitar 7800 orang didiagnosis kanker kerongkongan di Inggris. Kanker jenis itu menjadi enam besar kanker mematikan atau sekitar 5 persen dari angka kematian di Inggris. Dari sudut pandang sumber daya, Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara dengan tanaman herbal berpotensi obat melimpah

Liver Cancer

2009-10-25T21:49:00.001-07:00

What causes liver cancer?

Answer: Unfortunately, the exact causes of liver cancer aren't known at this time. Researchers have identified several known risk factors for liver cancer, though.

Just like all cancers, researchers believe that liver cancer may be caused by damage to the liver cells DNA. Normally, our bodies are able to repair the damage, but in some cases it can't.

Smoking, alcohol abuse, being infected with hepatitis, or having other liver diseases are all factors that increase the chance of developing liver cancer.

How Does Cancer Develop?

The organs in our body are made up of cells. Cells divide and multiply as the body needs them. When these cells continue multiplying when the body doesn't need them, the result is a mass or growth, also called a tumor.

These growths are considered either benign or malignant. Benign is considered non-cancerous and malignant is cancerous. Benign tumors rarely are life threatening and do not spread to other parts of the body. They can often be removed.

Malignant tumors, however, often invade nearby tissue and organs, spreading the disease.

How Does Cancer Spread to Other Parts of the Body?

The cells within malignant tumors have the ability to invade neighboring tissues and organs, thus spreading the disease. It is also possible for cancerous cells to break free from the tumor site and enter the bloodstream, spreading the disease to other organs. This process of spreading is called metastasis.

When cancer has metastasized and has affected other areas of the body, the disease is still referred to the organ of origination. For example, if cervical cancer spreads to the lungs, it is still called cervical cancer, not lung cancer.

Although most cancers develop and spread this way -- via an organ - blood cancer like leukemia do not. They affect the blood and the organs that form blood and then invade nearby tissues.

Cancer Symptoms

Symptoms of cancer vary based on the type of cancer. As cancer progresses to an advanced stage, common symptoms can include weight loss, fever, and fatigue. These are very non-specific symptoms that are more likely related to other less serious illnesses than cancer.

A broad spectrum of non-specific cancer symptoms may include:

* Persistent Fatigue: Fatigue is one of the most commonly experienced cancer symptoms. It is usually more common when the cancer is advanced, but still occurs in the early stages of some cancers. Anemia is commonly the culprit -- a condition that is associated with many types of cancer, especially types affecting the bowel. Fatigue is a symptom of both malignant and non-malignant conditions and should be evaluated by a physician.

* Unintentional Weight Loss: While it may be a welcome surprise to lose weight without trying, it can be a red flag for many illnesses, including cancer. Losing 10 pounds or more unintentionally definitely warrants a visit to the doctor. This type of weight loss can occur with or without loss of appetite. Remember, weight loss can be a symptom of cancer, but is also a symptom of many other illnesses, too.

* Pain Typically, pain is not an early symptom of cancer, except in some cancer types like those that spread to the bone. Pain generally occurs when cancer spreads and begins to affect other organs and nerves.

Lower pack pain is cancer symptom that is associated with ovarian cancer and colon cancer. Shoulder pain can also be a symptom of lung cancer. Pain in the form of headaches can be associated with brain tumors (malignant and benign).

Stomach pains can be related to types of cancer, like stomach cancer, pancreatic cancer, and many others. Stomach pain can be a very vague symptom because so many illnesses can cause stomach pain.

* Fever: A fever is a very non-specific symptom of many mild to severe conditions, including cancer. In relation to cancer, a fever that is persistent or one that comes and goes frequently can signal stress on the immune system. Fevers are commonly associated with types of cancer that affects the blood, like leukemia and lymphoma, but are also common in people whose cancer has spread.

* Bowel Changes: If you experience constipation, diarrhea, blood in the stools, gas, thinner stools, or just a general overall change in bowel habits, see your doctor. These symptoms are most commonly associated with colon cancer, but are also related to other cancer types.

* Chronic Cough: A persistent, new cough or a cough that won't go away or becomes worse needs to be evaluated by a doctor. Blood and/or mucus may accompany the cough and can be caused many conditions. In relation to cancer, a chronic cough with blood or mucus can be symptom of lung cancer.

Keep in mind that these are very general, vague symptoms of cancer. If you have one or two of these symptoms, it is not a red flag for cancer but more an indication to your doctor to run certain medical tests. The symptoms listed above are experienced by most people with cancer at various stages of their disease, but are also linked to many other non-cancerous conditions.

Treatment of Cancer

There are four standard methods of treatment for cancer: surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and immunotherapy/biologic therapy. When initially diagnosed with cancer, a cancer specialist (called an oncologist) will provide the patient with cancer treatment options. He or she will recommend the best treatment plan based on the type of cancer, how far it has spread, and other important factors like age and general health.

Ultimately, it is the patient who makes the treatment decisions based on doctor's recommendations, possible second opinions, and other information gathered from qualified professionals.

Cancer Prevention

Most people don't realize that cancer is preventable in many cases. Learning what causes cancer and what the risk factors are is the first step in cancer prevention. Many cancer risk factors can be avoided, thus reducing the likelihood of developing cancer. Of course, some cancer risks like genetics cannot be avoided.

Smoking is the most significant cancer risk factor that we can reduce. It is responsible for not only lung cancer, but many other types of cancer. One of the best ways to prevent cancer is to quit smoking or never start. As soon as you quit, and it's never too late, your body reaps the benefits of being tobacco-free.

Source : About.com

Tips on Foods for the Mesothelioma Patient to Increase Survival Rate

2009-10-23T23:52:00.000-07:00

A recent research by National Cancer Institute provided details on the mesothelioma patients depending upon their dietary habits. A report was created according to this results which was based on the examination of 116 individuals out of which half of the individuals had mesothelioma cancer and half of them do not, although they were exposed to asbestos. Both groups had similar incomes and tobacco usage as well as having comparable exposure to asbestos.

Then, the researchers studied the foods consumed by both groups and found that people suffering from mesothelioma ate cake, candy and pie in a large quantity. On the other hand, people who were reported to be cancer free even after exposure to asbestos ate a large amount of locally/homegrown vegetables and fruits as those stricken with mesothelioma. Those consuming what are known as cruciferous vegetables - such as mustard greens, collards, broccoli, turnip greens, cabbage or brussel sprouts - were likely to remain mesothelioma-free even after exposure to asbestos occurred.

Thus, this reports showed that consuming the right amount of food in right quantity will help in some way to keep away the dreadful disease - Mesothelioma. Thus, the various National authorities and the research centers came to know the importance of eating vegetables and fruits to ensure a healthy lifestyle and to avoid mesothelioma. They realized the fact that dietary habits has a vital role in the struggle against cancer. Following gives the list of foods that are found to be effective under the deadly conditions of the diseases like mesothelioma and asbestosis.

1. Olives, which contain maslinic and oleanolic acids, can promote apoptosis - the death of cancer cells.

2. Cabbage is high in glucosinolates (anticarcinogenic compounds), also raw cabbage contains substances to rid the body of carcinogens.

3. Flaxseeds are filled with lignans and omega-3 fatty acids – potentially capable of lowering the risk of breast cancer in women and colon cancer among both sexes.

4. Raspberries - most berries - are a source of fiber, Vitamin C, ellagic acid and selenium.

5. Mushrooms, which can block aromatase (breast cancer causing enzymes) and suppress the growth of prostate cancer cells.

6. Pumpkin as well as carrots and winter squash all contain high levels of carotenoids

7. Onions contain phenolic compounds that are considered anticancer compounds.

Small Penis Sex Positions

2009-10-22T22:47:00.000-07:00

The average erect penis is estimated to be somewhere around six inches in length. If you’re one of the millions who fall a bit short of this statistic, you may have concerns about size in relation to your sexual performance. Fret not: While it’s true that size can have its advantages, it’s not really the length that matters -- it’s the width. Additionally, women don’t particularly enjoy having their cervices rammed into, which often happens when a man is overly endowed. There is nothing sexy about painful intercourse, and that’s precisely what many women complain of when a man’s penis is too large. Believe it or not, the right combination of foreplay and stimulation can make a woman worship a small penis just as readily as a large one. Read on as we discuss the best small penis sex positions and how to make the most of them.

before you get inside

Obviously, there’s a great deal more to sex than just penetration, and most men fully recognize the benefits of foreplay. The man with a smaller-sized penis should take even greater advantage of this, prolonging foreplay until his partner is fully and completely aroused; the closer she is to orgasm at the start of actual penetration, the easier it will be for her to climax via one of our small penis sex positions.

Focus on foreplay

Foreplay should include anything and everything your woman enjoys. Kissing and caressing are always appreciated, but don’t limit yourself to the old standbys. Not if you want to really rock her world. Toss in some sexy pillow talk to start, and be sure to have her favorite sex toys on hand. If she’s a bit kinky, you may want to try some sensual biting or even a bit of a spanking. The key here is to lavish her with the kind of attention you know she responds well to; you want to get her so hot that she can’t help begging for sex.

Stimulate the clitoris

Prior to intercourse, you’ll want to spend as much quality time with the clitoris as she can handle. Whether you do this via oral sex or manual stimulation, make sure she climaxes at least once before you move on to penetration; this will help alleviate any performance anxiety you might experience once you’re ready to try the following small penis sex positions.
the positions

The doggie

When performed at the correct angle, the doggie can make even the smallest penis feel quite large. You’ll want her positioned in such a way that she’s able to comfortably place her head and shoulders on the pillow, while having her bottom raised in the air. To help create the most effective angle, her back should be arched and her thighs should be drawn together. Not only is this the easiest small penis sex position on our list, but it’s also one of the most popular.

Bite-sized tip: Lean forward during penetration, maintaining as much physical contact as you can comfortably manage; this will keep things intimate, enabling her to reach her sexual peak as quickly as possible.

These small penis sex positions will make any guy feel huge...

The snake

For this small penis sex position, you’ll want your woman lying flat on her belly with her legs closed. For the sake of ease and comfort, slip a pillow beneath her hips until her bottom arches upward. Keeping your knees bent, straddle her hips while maintaining an upright position and place your genitals just behind her bottom. Gently spread her thighs just enough to allow penetration and slide your way in. Take care to keep your weight off her body during intercourse; if you feel the need to brace yourself against something, bend forward until you’re able to touch the bed -- it won’t detract much from the position.

Bite-sized tip: If you really want a tight fit, hold her thighs together as you penetrate her. This is also an excellent position from which to administer a sexy spanking.

The rabbit ears

Lay your woman down on her back, spread her thighs and draw her legs up until her knees are close to her ears. Slip a pillow under her bottom, as this will place her vagina at an angle better suited for this small penis sex position. When you penetrate her, it will feel as though you’re filling her vagina completely. Once sex starts to get wild, however, it can be difficult for a woman to hold her legs in that position. We suggest using your own arms to hold her knees in place; simply place either arm in the crook of her knee before you brace your hands on the bed.

Bite-sized tip: This is an excellent position for her to masturbate in. You may want to encourage her to slip a hand between your bodies to stimulate her clitoris while you’re rocking her world from inside.

The V-formation

With your woman lying flat on her back, move between her thighs and enter her as you normally would from a kneeling position. Next, raise her legs and grasp either one around the ankle; you’re going to elevate her legs entirely and then spread them apart until they form a “V.” You’ll be able to thrust quite deeply from this small penis sex position, so you may want to gain leverage by bracing your palms against the wall or a headboard. To do this without changing the position, simply drape her legs over your shoulders.

Bite-sized tip: This position will give you an excellent opportunity to tease her clitoris. Free one of your hands up by resting one of her legs on your shoulder, and stimulate her clit until she orgasms.

5 tips to get cheap and effective home insurance

2009-10-22T22:41:00.000-07:00

5 tips to get cheap and effective home insurance Purchasing home owners or renters insurance can be confusing. If you didn't get good advice when you signed up for your policy, it's possible you're being overcharged or don't have the coverage you need.

Here are 5 tips from QuoteWizard.com to make sure you're not overpaying for home insurance and still have the correct coverage:

1. Get your discounts.
Bundle your auto insurance with home insurance to save money. Ask if any discounts are available based on your street address or whether you have a sprinkler or security system.

2. Compare quotes.
This seems too easy, but it's true. If you don't pit top local insurance companies against each other for your business, chances are you're paying too much. QuoteWizard.com allows you to compare the prices of the top home insurance companies in a matter of minutes. One online form lets you compare rates without calling several companies, waiting on hold or filling out multiple forms.

3. Cover everything.
If your home were to catch fire, your clothing, furniture and other possessions will have to be replaced, and if you don't properly insure your house, that can get expensive. Make sure you have personal property on your policy, and the policy is large enough to replace everything inside.

4. Don't underinsure.
The number of floods happening across the United States should be a good indicator that flood insurance is a good idea. But many homes are not covered for floods, or don't have enough coverage to pay for replacing the home in today's market. Sixty-eight percent of homeowners nationwide are underinsured by an average of 18 percent, according to a survey by MSB, an insurance-services firm.

5. Avoid excessive claims
If you have a low deductible, but then end up filing several claims, the costs will add up quickly. Evaluate every claim to determine whether sending it to your insurance company is more cost-effective than paying for it out of pocket.

If you haven't reviewed your home insurance policy in some time, take the time to compare different companies and find out if you can save money.

Where is The G-Spot

2009-10-22T22:17:00.000-07:00

Where is it?
If you have one (and I mean if, that's a big if), it's 2.5cm to 5cm (1in to 2in) inside the vagina on the front wall. You should be able to feel it with your finger. If you're not sexually aroused it may be no bigger than a pea; once you're aroused it increases to the size of a 2p piece.

It's actually more a of a zone than a spot. If you want to explore and find out whether you have one, feel for an area that's rough, a bit like a walnut, rather than smooth and silky like the rest of the vaginal wall.

The what spot?

* Originally known as the Grafenberg Spot, the G-Spot was named after the gynaecologist Ernst Gräfenberg, who first described it in 1944.
* Practitioners of tantric sex have been talking about this 'sacred spot' for over 1,000 years.

What is it?

For many women, it's a highly sensitive, highly erotic area that provides hours of pleasure. For others it's a knobbly bit that, when touched too much, creates an overwhelming sensation of needing a wee. Some women can't feel any sensation at all while others don't seem to have one at all.

There are a number of different theories about what the G-spot or area actually is. One view is that it is an area of prostatic tissue similar to the male prostate. The absence of the Y chromosome in the developing female fetus deposits the cells in a similar location and voila - the G-spot. Complete with a similar type of sensitivity to the male prostate

Another expert agrees with the prostate theory but expands it to say that this is not the only reason for sensitivity. He points to the clitoris and the urethra as other sources of pleasure, both of which can be stimulated via the front wall of the vagina. Therefore there are a number of erogenous zones and we should stop seeking the elusive g-spot and instead rename it the ‘anterior wall erogenous complex’ - catchy!

A further expert who was first responsible for publicising the G-spot has recently discovered another use. In research she has shown that stimulation of the G-spot area can increase pain threshold by up to 47%. If the stimulation is arousing, the pain threshold increases by up to 84% and a massive 107% on orgasm. Her hypothesis is that this sensitive and erogenous area is one of natures natural painkillers for childbirth.

So there you go. Basically, we still don’t know for sure - but the important thing is to find out what you’ve got and what you like.

What to do with it

Once you've established whether you've got one or not, you need to discover whether you have one that gives you pleasure or just feels a bit annoying. Stroking is usually the most enjoyable form of stimulation.

Sexual virtuosos recommend inserting the forefinger to about the second knuckle and making a 'come here' motion towards the front vaginal wall. You'll need to experiment with pressure and length of stroke to find out what feels best for you. It's important that you're sexually aroused first, and also worth noting that many women say sensitivity varies throughout the month.

During stimulation, the first sensation might be the need to go to the loo, possibly because the G-spot is on the front wall so your bladder is being pushed. You can check this out by making sure your bladder's empty first then seeing how it feels. The first couple of times it might be a bit odd, but many women say a little perseverance is more than worth it.

Feeling it during intercourse

Depending on the size and exact location of your G-spot, you may or may not be able to feel stimulation during intercourse. You're most likely to feel something if you have your pelvis raised.

Another popular position is to be on all fours or bending over from a standing position and allowing penetration from behind. You'll need to ejavascript:void(0)xperiment.

Female ejaculation

Some women say they ejaculate when their Gjavascript:void(0)-spot is stimulated. Research has shown that approximately 10 per cent of women expel between 9ml and 900 ml of fluid from the urethra during arousal and orgasm. A group of scientists examined some of this ejaculatory fluid and discovered prostatic enzymes, fuelling the theory that the G-spot is the equivalent of the male prostate.

However, another group of scientists examined the fluid and said it was very similar to urine. Latest thoughts are that the fluid is an altered form of urine that changes in chemical composition due to sexual arousal. The research continues.

Top Free Movie Downloads Sites & DVD Quality Sites to Download Movies Legally

2009-10-19T00:46:00.000-07:00

With the phenomenon of free movie downloads becoming more popular every day, the internet is clogged with thousands of sites from which you can download movies, music, TV shows and games. But how do you know which one is best? There are so many options available that choosing can often be a daunting task.

Here at www.MoviesandDownloads.com we made it our sole mission to make your online movie download experience as seamless and easy as possible. That’s why we put together an impartial team of experts who spent hours researching and testing sites and services to download movies from and compiled a comprehensive list of the best of the best. We have ranked sites based on cost, time to download movies, movie selection, transferring, and, of course, our personal favorite - perks.

UpBux

2009-10-17T01:00:00.000-07:00

We are a platform for connecting advertisers with potential customers.
As members, you get paid to view the ads provided by our sponsors and we ensure that advertisers as well as you get benefits.
You will have access to statistics of your clicks, earnings and even of your referral's clicks.

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How to help your female partner have orgasms

2009-10-14T22:52:00.000-07:00

These days most women want orgasms. That wasn't always the case. A couple of generations or so ago, many adult females simply didn't have climaxes – and a lot of them weren't bothered about it. Probably a lot of them didn't actually know what an orgasm was.

And some doctors claimed that, for a huge proportion of women, it was 'normal' to have no experience of orgasm. Indeed, as late as the 1970s there were still some who maintained that the female orgasm didn't exist – and was simply a myth made up by the media.

All that has changed now. These days, medical opinion is that every woman should be able to have orgasms – if she wants to. Furthermore, the view of most sex experts is that the majority of women are capable of multiple orgasms – if they wish to have them. In general, the ability to have multiple orgasms is greater in more mature women.

What is a female orgasm?

We're writing this explanation in the assumption that you – the reader – are male. But what follows will be of interest to a lot of female readers too.

What happens in a woman's body during a climax is very like what happens in your (male) body when you ejaculate. In other words, there's a feeling of increasing excitement, building up to a point where everything 'blows' in a great blast of ecstasy. This 'orgasmic moment' is characterised by surges of contractions in the sex organs, occurring almost every 0.8 seconds.

Men are well aware that these throbs of pleasure are accompanied by the pumping out of spurts of seminal fluid. Obviously this doesn't happen in women.

A few females do produce some fluid at orgasm, but the impression given in so many erotic stories that most women 'ejaculate' is not correct. Only a minority of females do this.

Multiple orgasm

The other big difference between male and female orgasm is this: after the first climax, many women can 'come' again, often within a minute or two.

This ability is extremely rare in males. Relatively few young women can achieve multiple orgasm, because it's an ability that usually has to be learned. But with the help of a skilled lover, most women can eventually achieve the capacity for multiple orgasms – if they so desire.
Bringing women to a climax

For men perhaps the most important thing to realise about female climaxes is that with women, it's not a mechanical thing – as it generally is with men.

You see, most males will ejaculate quite quickly if they have their penises rubbed. This applies even if the circumstances aren't very romantic – or even if they don't particularly like the person who's doing the rubbing! Women are not like this. Female orgasm isn't a push-button response. The conditions have to be right.

Although females vary, many women need the following if they're going to reach a climax easily:

* a romantic atmosphere
* pleasant, comfortable surroundings
* a partner who they really like
* a feeling of being wanted and appreciated
* a good flow of natural lubrication - so that the delicate female parts don't get sore
* a skilled partner who knows how to stimulate the clitoris.

Unless you can provide the above, you are not going to have great success in giving your partner orgasms.

Please bear in mind that – contrary to what many men think – sexual intercourse by itself is not likely to produce an orgasm. This is because intercourse alone is not very good at stimulating the woman's clitoris. Nearly all females need additional stimulation of the clitoris by fingers or mouth.

So, try not to give the impression to your female partner that she ‘ought’ to be able to climax through intercourse alone and that that is what you think of as ‘proper sex’. The sex menu can be a varied one. Some women, for example, find it really easy to climax through oral sex – particularly if the guy is patient and sensitive to what his partner wants. And how does he find out what she wants and what turns her on? Well, a wise man will ask her.

What he should not do is to assume that his technique is flawless and that if his partner does not come, it’s her fault. Plenty of men think that because a previous girlfriend always came a certain way, this one should follow suit. Women are not all the same in their likes or dislikes. So do try to treat your partner as an individual.

Many women like much more foreplay or loveplay than men imagine. They want to feel that the man is keen on giving pleasure – and not just in a hurry to have his own climax. In fact, the worst thing a man can say to a woman is: ‘Haven’t you come yet?’ This is likely to make her feel extremely inadequate and will ruin any build-up of sexual pleasure and tension that might have been taking place.
What to do

In summary, here's what to do if you want to bring your partner to orgasm regularly:

1. don't be in a rush.
2. don't be too demanding – it's not an Olympic event.
3. talk to your partner, and ask her what she wants you to do to her.
4. always create a romantic atmosphere.
5. make sure that everything is comfortable and nice for her.
6. give her lots of kisses and cuddles before you even think about making any approach to her sexual area.
7. when you do start to stroke, rub or kiss her genitals, don't rush into 'attacking' her clitoris. Take things gently, and see what she wants.
8. use her own natural lubrication to moisten her clitoris. (If she is over 40, it may be a good idea to use some additional lubrication from a chemist or a sex shop).
9. remember that stimulation of the clitoris is the key to female orgasm.
10. sometimes encourage her to 'run' your sex sessions. You can learn a lot by watching how she stimulates herself or by really listening to her when she suggests a sex position, or a particular caress.

Male Multiple Orgasm

2009-10-14T22:45:00.000-07:00

Any man can become "multi-orgasmic". It only requires a basic understanding of male sexuality and certain techniques. Most men’s sexuality is focused on the goal of ejaculating, rather than on the actual process of lovemaking. Once a man becomes multi-orgasmic he will not only be able to better satisfy himself, but also more effectively satisfy his partner.

Technically, multiple orgasms occur in succession, without complete loss of sexual arousal in between. Women are blessed with the ability to have multiple orgasms. Not many are aware that men with proper training, can actually do the same. In the case of women, multiple orgasm means resuming sexual stimulation shortly after a first orgasmic climax, usually immediately or within a few minutes, so that a second climax may be reached. If the woman does indeed experience further climaxes during the same sexual encounter, she is said to be multi-orgasmic.

Most men mistakenly believe that being able to regain their erection as soon as possible after ejaculation and reaching another climax within some arbitrary period of time qualifies as being multi-orgasmic. This is false because the true multi-orgasmic male does not lose his erection between orgasms. Multiple male orgasms include only orgasm and not ejaculation. The only exception being, when ejaculation accompanies the final orgasm in a multi-orgasmic experience.

Before continuing it would be important to better understand the technical process involved in the " Sexual Arousal Cycle" *

1. Excitement Phase

* Vasocongestion
* Erection
* Increased heart rate
* Partial testicular elevation and size increase (Tumescence)
* Nipple erection

2. Plateau Phase

* Further increase in penis tip size and testicles
* Full testicular elevation
* Purple hue on corona (although not always)
* Cowper’s gland (pre-cum) secretions
* Hyperventilation

3. Orgasm Phase (Consists of Emission & Ejaculation)

Emission

* Sperm and fluid are expelled from the vas deferens, seminal vesicles and prostate gland, causing seminal fluid fluid to collect at the base of the urethral bulb near the prostate.
* Myotonia – muscular rigidity just before the release tension
* Blood pressure and respiratory rate increase further.

Ejaculatory Inevitability (point of no return) There is a consciousness of imminent ejaculation.

Ejaculation

* Bladder sphincter closes tightly
* Rhythmic contractions of the prostate, perinial muscles and penile shaft propel semen outward.
* A slight clouding of consciousness

4. Resolution Phase

* Erection loss
* Testes descend and scrotum thins
* Reversal in myotonia and vasocongestion
* Reduced heart rate and lowered blood pressure.

Multiple orgasms versus Ejaculatory orgasms

Both begin in the same way, moving from arousal until a point near ejaculation or "point of no return". At this point a man will experience a series of genital contractions lasting three to five seconds. These contractions are "pelvic orgasms" and at first feel like a "fluttering" or mild release of pressure. Once identified and controlled, these sensations will become progressively more intense.

When approaching "the point of no return" the goal is not to crest over into ejaculation but to decrease stimulation, just long enough to gain control over the arousal rate. Effective control can be achieved by squeezing the PC muscles. Learning to control the PC muscles is essential to sexual health and stamina.

In the diagram below, the plateau stage is represented roughly as a heightened state of arousal which will eventually lead into orgasm if stimulation is allowed to continue.

Notice how the two charts differ. In a typical singular orgasm including ejaculation, the plateau phase is reached and passed fairly quickly as the orgasm subsides and ejaculation occurs. In a multiple orgasmic encounter, the plateau phase is reached and sustained after the initial orgasm and between the next orgasm. The successive orgasms are also slightly stronger than the previous ones, if and when the man decides to ejaculate with the final orgasm. Ejaculation is optional, after several orgasms it may be decided not to ejaculate at all. In which case, the arousal pattern closely follows that of a woman and gradually declines over about an hour's time instead of declining very sharply after ejaculation.

How is multiple orgasm possible?

The male and female sexual "response cycles" are strikingly similar. The primary difference between the two is male ejaculation. Multi-orgasmic women are able to have successive orgasms if stimulation is resumed shortly after the first orgasm because they do not ejaculate (not withstanding reports that some women are able to ejaculate, as this has never been adequately scientifically explained).

Ejaculation initiates the refractory period in males. During this time, most men are unable to achieve another erection or even receive further stimulation due to the loss of sexual tension and the penis is usually too sensitive to touch. Since women are not biologically programmed to ejaculate, they do not have this annoying feature and are able to learn about and achieve multiple orgasms much easier than men.

The first key to understanding how men can have multiple orgasms is to understand that orgasm and ejaculation are distinct events, which one can learn to distinguish and separate. Most men have always accepted orgasm and ejaculation as one in the same because they happen in such rapid succession, orgasm beginning slightly before (ejaculation) then tapering off during ejaculation.

The second key to navigating the path to multiple orgasm is gaining the ability to separate orgasm and ejaculation.

The ability to separate these events involves the pubococcygeal muscle, or pelvic floor muscle, or "PC muscle" as it’s more commonly known. You may know this muscle for its ability to stop the flow of urine in mid-stream. If stopping the flow is difficult, you have a weak PC muscle. If this is the case you will need to work on strengthening the PC muscle before you'll be able to have multiple orgasms. If you squeeze or contract the PC muscle you should feel like everything deep in your pelvis is being drawn upward.

Breathing Exercises

* Sit in a comfortable position relaxing the shoulders.
* Place hands on the abdomen, just below the belly button.
* Inhale deeply. Breathing deeply through the nose, so that the belly pushes out.
* Exhale fully. Exhale to a point to a point of which the belly contracts back to the spine. The pelvis and testicles may feel as if they are pulling up slightly.
* Repeat this exercise from 9 to 36 times.

Preparing yourself

Having multiple orgasms as a male is pretty remarkable, but it will take a great deal of preparation. As mentioned earlier, one of the first steps is to discover the PC muscle. It’s essential to become intimately familiar with this muscle in order to learn to control it very precisely. Some of this control will come with experience, but most will come by strengthening it through regular exercise. Once it’s been discovered where it is (most easily while urinating), it can be exercised anywhere, without anyone knowing.

Practicing

* You can begin experimenting on your own at first (while masturbating).
* Make yourself comfortable and then begin masturbating as you might normally.
* Stop just before you reach the point of no return (the point where you would ejaculate). Contract (squeeze) and hold your PC muscle for a count of ten.
* Allow yourself relax and take a few minutes break.
* Begin masturbating again, this time bringing yourself just a bit closer to the point of no return, again contracting your PC muscle.
* Continue masturbating while paying very special attention to your own state of arousal and emotional feelings. The key here is to learn more about your own sexual response so that down the road you'll be more in control of it.

Stopping "right" before ejaculation

Continue masturbating, except this time, keep going until you reach orgasm. Right as you orgasm you should notice several contractions that signal the beginning of ejaculation in the base of your penis and perhaps even deeper inside your pelvis. As these contractions begin or preferably just before (but still during the orgasm), stop all stimulation to the penis and squeeze the PC muscle tight. You'll probably feel yourself trying to ejaculate, but hold it back! Squeezing your PC muscle effectively shuts off your ejaculation, if you are successful, and erases the refractory period.

A small amount semen may seep out, but not with any of the force you might normally experience during an unrestrained singular orgasm. If you were able to hold off ejaculating after your orgasm, start masturbating again now. It should feel as though you are still very aroused, not like you just ejaculated. You should be able to continue for a short time until you have another orgasm.

If you were unable to keep from ejaculating the first time, either your PC muscle isn't strong enough yet or you squeezed it at the wrong time. If you begin squeezing too late after the ejaculatory contractions have already begun, it is nearly impossible to shut stop the process completely. With practice you will learn the timing.

Partnering

There are many possible techniques you can use to greatly increase your success in becoming multi-orgasmic. Perhaps the greatest technique you can practice is to share your experiences in becoming a multi-orgasmic man with your romantic partner. If you are eventually successful, this can be a wonderful opportunity for you to significantly increase the pleasure you both receive during lovemaking.

Overcoming problems

Undoubtedly the biggest obstacle most men will report when trying to become multi-orgasmic is failure to squeeze their PC muscle sufficiently during orgasm to ward off ejaculation. You may feel some contractions, but do not stop squeezing at this point because a few ejaculatory contractions are likely even if you are successful in eventually stopping them. If you are successful, the contractions will stop before you ejaculate and you should be able to resume stimulation without a loss of sensitivity, as would be present during the refractory period after ejaculation.

Another common problem many men may report with these techniques is failing to determine exactly where the boundaries of plateau, orgasm, and ejaculation begin and end. If you cannot determine the difference between orgasm and ejaculation, a key to becoming multi-orgasmic, you can only succeed by accident and not intentionally.

Some men may try to stimulate themselves very quickly and rigorously, and this is not the best way to become aware of your personal level of sexual awareness. Taking the stimulation slower rather than faster will allow you to discover your personal boundaries between arousal, plateau, and orgasm more easily. With these discoveries you will have a much greater chance of learning when to squeeze your PC muscle, when to stop stimulation, and when to relax your PC muscle and resume stimulation to experience another orgasm.

Pelvic pressure after arousal. Pressure in the pelvic area is a natural result of increased blood flow into the genital area. If the level of this pressure is uncomfortable, it will be helpful to breathe deeply, elevate the lower extremities and massage the perineum and testicles lightly. This will help the body assimilate the energy from the testicles to the rest of the body. It would be best also to stay in a reclined position for 5 - 10 minutes.

Other Benefits

It is quite possible that if you have other sexual problems such as premature ejaculation, learning to become multi-orgasmic will help you tremendously during lovemaking. Not only will you be able to greatly prolong the session by suppressing ejaculation until you choose, but you will be free to release your worries and anxiety and focus more on pleasing your partner. The list of positive effects can be nearly endless!

Age

Some men may wonder if age can have any effect on the chances of success in becoming multi-orgasmic. There's no reason why sexually mature men of all ages shouldn't see the same high rate of success, assuming they are sexually active and have a high level of personal sexual awareness.

If you have no trouble reaching singular orgasms either by yourself or with a partner, then learning how to become multi-orgasmic may only be a matter of patience, determination, and effort. If you do have trouble having singular orgasms or opening up sexually with yourself and your partner, however, then perhaps there are other issues that you need to deal with before multiple orgasms will be a possibility for you. This guide is not prepared to address any problems with orgasms beyond the relatively simple matters discussed in this section. If you are experiencing more serious problems, please consider consulting your healthcare provider or a therapist. They should be able to provide you with the professional advice that we are not equipped to handle.

Ancient Ideas

The concept of being a multi-orgasmic male is not new at all. Ancient Chinese philosophers called Taoists, have known about this and many other profound sexual concepts and practices thousands of years ago. Many of these sexual secrets remain surprisingly unknown, even now in the age of sexual awareness and liberation. Despite the fact that during the 1940s and 1950s several sex researchers in the West studied and confirmed the ability of males to experience multiple orgasms. Even at present, the amount of sexual ignorance, misdirection, and confusion is astonishing.

In Closing

The bottom line is that your ability to have multiple orgasms depends on your overall sexual awareness, and the strength and control of your PC muscle among many other factors. As with all noteworthy achievements, this is not something that can necessarily be accomplished all at once. While reading this guide and having multiple orgasms in one night is certainly possible, you should understand that it could take several weeks or even months before you succeed. Your results will depend on your own personal effort and determination.

IndonesianCupid.com

2009-10-12T22:15:00.000-07:00

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Sexually transmitted diseases

2009-10-11T00:40:00.000-07:00

Written by Dr Jeni Worden, GP and Dr Flemming Andersen, specialist
What is a sexually transmitted disease (STD)?

An STD is an illness that is spread through sexual contact.
How can sexually transmitted diseases be avoided?

* The less sexual partners a person has, the lower the risk of infection.
* Most sexually transmitted diseases can be avoided to a large extent by practicing safe sex (eg using condoms).
* Most sexually transmitted diseases can be cured if they are diagnosed and treated in their early stages.

The most common diseases and their symptoms are described below.

Chlamydia

Chlamydia is the most common and fastest spreading sexually transmitted disease in the UK. It stems from a bacterium, Chlamydia trachomatis.

Women diagnosed with Chlamydia can also infect their newborn infant during delivery. Symptoms usually appear approximately 7 to 21 days after infection and differ for men, women and children.

Symptoms in men:

* inflammation of the urethra (the bladder duct within the penis)
* stinging feeling when passing water
* clear discharge from penis and possible itchiness around the opening
* pain or tenderness in the testicles.

Symptoms in women:

* stinging feeling when passing water
* unusual vaginal discharge
* pain caused by pelvic inflammation (pelvic inflammatory disease)
* pain during intercourse
* in some cases, bleeding between periods.

Symptoms in infants:

* inflammation of the eye (conjunctivitis) at birth
* problems breathing
* premature birth
* in rarer instances, pneumonia.

One of the most common ways of testing for Chlamydia is for the GP to collect a cell sample from the infected area (cervix or penis) with a cotton swab. This is then sent to a laboratory for evaluation. In the absence of a firm diagnosis, you may be referred to a specialist genitourinary clinic for further testing. Treatment consists of antibiotics, and should also be given to the patient's partner. A further swab is recommended once treatment has ended to check whether the infection has cleared. For more information, read the factsheet on chlamydia.

Gonorrhoea

Gonorrhoea is caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae, a bacteria that grows and multiplies quickly in moist, warm areas of the body such as the cervix, urethra, mouth, or rectum. In women, the cervix is the most common site of infection. However, the disease can also spread to the uterus (womb) and fallopian tubes, causing pelvic inflammatory disease leading to infertility. Gonorrhoea is most commonly spread during genital contact, but can also be passed from the genitals of one partner to the throat of the other during oral sex. Gonorrhoea of the rectum can occur in people who practice anal intercourse. In pregnant women, gonorrhoea can be passed from an infected woman to her newborn infant during delivery if left untreated.

The early symptoms of gonorrhoea are often mild, and many women who are infected have no visible symptoms of the disease. If symptoms of gonorrhoea develop, they usually appear within 2 to 10 days after sexual contact with an infected partner, although a small percentage of patients may be infected for several months without showing symptoms.

Symptoms in women include:

* painful, burning sensation when urinating
* yellowish or bloody discharge from the vagina
* bleeding between periods
* abdominal pain.

Men are more likely to show symptoms than women. Some of the symptoms in men include:

* burning sensation during urination
* yellowish-white discharge from the penis.

Other symptoms affecting the rectal area include itching, discharge and sometimes painful bowel movements.

A diagnosis is made through detection of bacteria in samples taken from the urethra, cervix, throat or rectum. The condition is treated with antibiotics, and treatment should also be given to the patient's partner. As with Chlamydia, further testing is recommended once treatment has ended to check whether the infection has cleared. For more information, read the factsheet on gonorrhoea.

Herpes genitalis (genital herpes)

Gential herpes is a highly contagious viral condition caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV). It principally infects the skin and mucous membranes of the genitals and rectum, but can also appear in areas such as the mouth. It is transmitted primarily through physical and sexual contact. During birth, the presence of herpes simplex virus on the genitalia or in the birth canal is a threat to the infant. Infection in the newborn infant can lead to herpetic meningitis, herpetic viremia (herpes virus particles present in the blood) and chronic skin infection.

The symptoms of herpes simplex virus usually occur a week after infection, but sometimes take longer to appear. Initially, the skin becomes reddened and multiple small blisters filled with a clear, straw-coloured fluid appear. Prior to the presence of blisters, the infected individual may also experience increased skin sensitivity, tingling, burning or pain at the site where blisters will appear. Later, the blisters burst leaving shallow, painful ulcers which eventually scab and heal over a period of 7 to 14 days.

The outbreak may be accompanied by other symptoms such as:

* swelling and tenderness of the lymph nodes in the groin area.
* in women, vaginal discharge and painful urination.
* in men, a possibility of painful urination if the lesion is near the opening of the urethra.
* fever.

In most cases, a description of the condition and the appearance of the blisters will be enough to make a diagnosis. The GP may also advise referral to a specialist genitourinary medicine (GUM) clinic for confirmation of the diagnosis.

There is no cure for the herpes simplex virus; once infected, patients will remain a carrier for the rest of their lives. Some remedies, however, can reduce the duration of the eruption. In addition, by being more aware of the initial symptoms of recurrence (skin sensitivity and tingling), timely treatment with medication such as aciclovir (Zovirax tablets/suspension) will often abort the outbreak of blisters.

The best way to avoid transmission is to avoid direct contact with an open lesion. People with herpes simplex virus should avoid sexual contact when active lesions are present.

Although the symptoms of genital herpes may not be present, it is important for those infected to inform their partner that they have the disease. This will encourage both parties to use barrier protection (condoms) to prevent the spread of the illness. Using condoms and not sharing towels are good ways of reducing the chance of infection in the first place. For more information, read the factsheet on Herpes genitalis.

HIV and AIDS

AIDS is a potentially lethal sexually transmitted disease and is caused by the HIV virus. HIV invades and destroys the immune system, which protects the body from infection. This means that a person who carries the HIV virus is prone to many different illnesses and may die from diseases that are harmless to healthy people.

AIDS is still most widespread south of the Sahara in Africa, Asia, and the Caribbean islands, and is more common among homosexual and bisexual men. However, in more developed countries the disease is becoming more frequent among heterosexuals, especially young people. In the UK, new cases of HIV are now more prevalent among heterosexuals.

Intravenous drug users and people with many different partners are particularly at risk from HIV. The virus is found in bodily fluids such as blood, sperm and vaginal secretions, and can pass through little scratches that may occur during sexual intercourse.

Although they vary considerably, the symptoms include:

* fever
* diarrhoea
* sweating at night
* loss of weight
* swollen glands
* general discomfort.

The diagnosis is made when the HIV antibody is found in the blood. The test is not usually positive until 6 to 12 weeks after infection.

There is no cure for HIV and AIDS, but the earlier the diagnosis is made, the easier it is for the doctors to help. Today, efficient treatments exist that increase quality of life and prolong life itself. Anyone who is infected with HIV should only have safe sex using barrier protection and inform all previous partners about their infection. For more information, read the factsheet on AIDS and HIV.
Genital warts

Warts, or condylomata acuminata, are caused by the human papilloma virus (HPV). Up to nine months can pass from the time of infection to the actual development of warts. In women, human papilloma virus can lead to changes in the cervix and to the development of cervical cancer. Therefore, it is important that this condition is diagnosed and treated.

The symptoms are raised, rough, wart-like growths that may occur singly or in clusters. In men, they are usually found around the head of the penis and tend to be drier. In women, they appear most often around the vaginal opening and may spread to the rectal area. It is also possible for the virus to appear on or near the cervix as whitish, flat-like lesions, usually only detectable through close visual examination of the cervix (colposcopy). In both men and women, lesions may also be present in the mouth and throat. In general, symptoms can intensify if the immune system is weakened, or during pregnancy or if the person has diabetes. The warts are very contagious so safe sex is advisable.

A diagnosis is made when a characteristic lesion is visible. By swabbing the skin with 5 per cent acetic acid, 'invisible' warts will emerge as white-coloured patches. A GP can treat the warts by freezing and swabbing, but if this does not help the patient may be referred to a genitourinary specialist who can offer more specialised treatment. However, it is important to note that treatment does not always offer a complete cure. For more information, read the page on genital warts.

Syphilis

Syphilis is a dangerous and life-threatening bacterial disease. After infection, the bacteria is transported through the body via the bloodstream and adversely affects vital organs such as the heart, brain, nervous system and spine.

The symptoms are divided into three stages.

Up to 12 weeks after the time of infection:

* one or more red lesions will develop on the penis, labia (lips of the vagina), anus and sometimes on the mouth and lips. These lesions disappear after a week.

Up to six months after the time of infection:

* a red rash appears on the chest, back, arms, legs, hands and soles of the feet
* high fever
* sore throat
* muscular fatigue
* general feeling of discomfort.

Anyone experiencing these symptoms should contact their doctor immediately.

If the illness is not treated by the second stage, it will disappear for a while. However, the disease can lie dormant in the body and return up to 20 years later. At this more advanced stage the symptoms will be:

* heart failure
* paralysis
* insanity
* possible death.

The diagnosis is made through the detection of the micro-organism or the detection of antibodies in the blood. In its early stages, syphilis can easily be treated with antibiotics. For more information, read the factsheet on syphilis.

How to avoid sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)

Avoid high-risk behaviours and practise safe sex.

* Though not necessarily practical or desirable, abstinence is the only way to completely prevent STDs.
* Avoid sex with many different partners.
* Always use condoms.

Imunisasi IPD

2009-10-02T21:23:00.000-07:00

IPD (Invasive Pneumoccocal Disease), merupakan sekelompok penyakit ganas yang disebabkan kuman Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumokokus). “Dari 90 tipe kuman pneumokokus, ada 10 tipe yang ganas dan menyerang anak-anak,” kata Dr. Alan Roland Tumbelaka, Kepala Divisi Infeksi dan Penyakit Tropis, Departemen Ilmu Kesehatan Anak FKUI-RSCM dalam acara media edukasi bertema Cegah Penyakit Pneumokokus, Pembunuh Utama Bayi dan Balita yang diadakan bulan Februari 2007 lalu.

Penelitian menunjukkan, sebagian besar bayi dan anak di bawah usia 2 tahun pernah menjadi pembawa ( carrier) bakteri pneumokokus di dalam saluran pernapasan mereka. Oleh karena itu, bayi baru lahir hingga bocah usia 2 tahun berisiko tinggi terkena IPD.

Vaksinasi dipercaya sebagai langkah protektif terbaik mengingat saat ini resistensi kuman pneumokokus terhadap antibiotik semakin meningkat. Karena anak-anak di bawah usia 1 tahun memiliki risiko paling tinggi menderita IPD, maka amat dianjurkan agar pemberian imunisasi dilakukan sedini mungkin. Untungnya, saat ini sudah ditemukan vaksin pneumokokus bagi bayi dan anak di bawah 2 tahun.

Bagaimana jadwalnya?
Imunisasi IPD pada usia (1):

* < 6 bulan: diberikan dasar 3 kali jarak 2 bulan dan penguat/ulangan
(booster) pada usia 12 – 15 bulan. > 4 kali
* 6 - 12 bulan diberikan dasar 2 kali, dan penguat seperti diatas > 3 kali
* 12 – 24 bulan . Diberikan dasar 2 kali tidak perlu penguat. > 2 kali
* > 24 bulan. Diberikan 1 kali > 1 kali

Apa efek samping vaksinasi ini?
Menurut labelnya, efek samping yang sering terjadi (Very common) pada pemberian prevenar pada saluran pencernaan adalah diare dan muntah.

Menurut artikel oleh dokter Sukman Tulus Putra: Reaksi terhadap vaksin yang terbanyak dilaporkan adalah demam ringan < 38 derajat Celcius, rewel, mengantuk (drowsy), dan beberapa reaksi ringan lainnya yang biasa ditemui pada pemberian berbagai jenis vaksin.

Dalam praktek, salah seorang dokter di milis sehat(1) menyampaikan: dari 20an kasus, 5-8 pasien menelefon dan mengatakan panas tapi tidak tinggi (<38). Ada 1 pasien yang nafsu makannya menurun dan panasnya > 38. Belum ada yang mengeluh diare dan muntah.

Apa yang perlu diperhatikan?
Bila ada riwayat reaksi alergi terhadap imunisasi Dipteria (DPT), maka tidak diberikan imunisasi IPD jenis Prevenar (kontraindikasi), karena dalam Prevenar ada kandungan varian dari Diphteria toxin (sebagai protein-carrier).

Pemberian imunisasi IPD tidak menghapus jadwal imunisasi yang lain (seperti HiB, tetap seperti jadwalnya).

Apa kendalanya?
Harga vaksinasi masih relatif tinggi. Dilaporkan berkisar 850-950 ribu rupiah (Prevenar).

WHO menyebutkan:
A vaccine providing effective protection against pneumococcal disease for young children in developing countries may be ready for use in 2008-2009, and could be introduced in such countries provided adequate supply and financial help are arranged.

Racun Laba-Laba Bisa Obati Penderita Disfungsi Ereksi

2009-09-28T02:07:00.000-07:00

Peneliti menemukan satu cara lagi untuk mengobati penyakit disfungsi ereksi. Dengan menggunakan racun dari laba-laba paling berbisa asal Brazil, penyakit yang membuat sedih kaum pria iu pun bisa teratasi.

Awalnya, para peneliti dari Amerika dan Brazil menemukan fakta bahwa seorang yang terkena gigitan laba-laba asal Brazil (Phoneutria nigriventer) pada bagian penisnya merasa kesakitan. Tapi ternyata efek lainnya adalah penis bisa mengalami ereksi dan bertahan lama hingga beberapa jam.

Akhirnya, racun yang dikeluarkan dari gigitan laba-laba tersebut diisolasi dan dimurnikan menjadi jenis racun Tx2-6 dan diinjeksikan pada tikus yang menderita hipertensi serta erectile dysfunction (ED) dengan dosis tertentu.

Peneliti kemudian mengukur kadar racun Tx2-6 dalam penis tikus dan ternyata racun tersebut dapat membuat jaringan penile yang ada di penis tikus berkontraksi dan berelaksasi. Kandungan nitrit oksida yang berfungsi dalam proses ereksi pun meningkat di bagian penis tersebut.

Pengobatan menggunakan bisa sudah lama dikenal oleh masyarakat Brazil. Mereka percaya bahwa bisa atau racun yang dikeluarkan oleh beberapa jenis binatang adalah obat ampuh untuk mengobati luka atau penyakit.

"Di Brazil, sudah biasa mengobati sesuatu dengan racun binatang, dan kami sangat tertarik dengan bisa laba-laba yang ternyata bisa menormalkan kembali gangguan ereksi," ujar Kenia Pedrosa Nunes dari Medical College of Georgia seperti dilansir Health24, Senin (28/9/2009).

Laba-laba Brazil sangat banyak ditemukan di daerah Amerika Selatan dan Tengah. Laba-laba jenis Phoneutria nigriventer diketahui sebagai laba-laba paling berbisa dan menyebabkan beberapa kematian di daerah tersebut.

Penyakit ED yang dikenal dengan masalah impotensi bisa disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor. Untuk beberapa kasus, penyebabnya adalah masalah psikologi. Namun tidak sedikit juga penderita ED yang disebabkan oleh kecelakaan, diabetes dan penyakit lainnya.

Berdasarkan National Kidney and Urologic Diseases Information Clearinghouse (NKUDIC), seseorang dikategorikan ED jika memiliki ketidakmampuan total mencapai ereksi atau tidak konsistennya proses ereksi. Kondisi tersebut menimpa hampir 30 juta pria di Amerika saat ini.

Penemuan obat viagra seperti Levitra dan Cialis di akhir tahun 1990-an telah terbukti bisa mengobati penyakit ED, namun obat-obatan tersebut memungkinkan efek samping yang kurang baik bagi tubuh.

Baru-baru ini peneliti juga sudah mengembangkan krim viagra yang lebih aman bagi tubuh, dan kini bisa laba-laba pun menjadi terapi lainnya yang cukup menjanjikan bagi penderita ED.

Sumber : detik.com

Vaksin Pencegah AIDS Ditemukan

2009-09-25T00:36:00.000-07:00

Bangkok, Masyarakat mungkin bisa sedikit berlega hati, karena peneliti telah menemukan vaksin yang bisa mencegah seseorang terinfeksi HIV hingga 31,2 persen. Namun, vaksin ini hanya bisa mencegah orang terinfeksi, tapi tidak bisa mengobati orang yang sudah terinfeksi.

Keberhasilan peneliti membuat vaksin AIDS diumumkan di Bangkok pada 24 September 2009. Vaksin ini berasal dari 2 vaksin sebelumnya yang gagal dan bisa melindungi orang dari infeksi AIDS sebesar 31,2 persen. Saat ini sedang diperdebatkan bagaimana melakukan pengujian dengan jumlah vaksin terbatas yang dimiliki serta mencari cara untuk membuat vaksin yang lebih baik lagi hingga keberhasilnnya mencapai maksimum 100 persen.

"Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah langkah yang sangat penting untuk mengembangkan vaksin AIDS dan ini pertama kalinya di dunia kita telah menemukan vaksin yang dapat mencegah infeksi HIV," ujar Menteri Kesehatan Thailand Withaya Kaewparadai, seperti dikutip dari Reuters, Jumat (25/9/2009).

Vaksin ini adalah kombinasi dari vaksin Sanofi-Pasteur's ALVAC canary pox/HIV dan vaksin HIV AIDSVAX gagal yang dibuat oleh oleh perusahaan di San Fransisco bernama VaxGen dan sekarang dimiliki oleh lembaga nirlaba Global Solutions for Infectious Diseases. Percobaan ini disponsori pemerintah AS dan dilakukan oleh kementerian kesehatan masyarakat Thailand. Vaksin ini bisa mengurangi risiko infeksi hingga 31,2 persen pada 16.402 relawan selama 3 tahun.

Virus AIDS telah menginfeksi sekitar 33 juta orang di seluruh dunia dan telah membunuh 25 juta orang sejak diidentifikasi pada tahun 1980-an. Hal ini mempengaruhi sel-sel kekebalan yang disebut dengan T-sel. Penemuan ini telah menanamkan harapan baru dibidang penelitian vaksin HIV dan berjanji bahwa vaksin HIV yang aman dan sangat efektif akan tersedia untuk seluruh penduduk dunia yang paling membutuhkan.

Untuk bisa membuat vaksin AIDS dibutuhkan analisis yang mendalam dan Dr. Donald Francis dari Global Solutions for Infectious Diseases menambahkan bahwa perusahaan telah membatasi jumlah vaksin yang tersisa untuk menguji dan membuat vaksin lebih banyak lagi.

Vaksin yang berhasil dibuat ini bisa membantu mencegah infeksi HIV tapi tidak bisa melakukan apapun untuk mengurangi virus yang sudah terlanjur ada di dalam tubuh seseorang. Sebagai tambahan respons sistem imun yang ditimbulkan harus bisa melindungi siapa pun. Dalam penelitian ini vaksin diformulasikan secara khusus untuk bekerja melawan dua subtipe dari human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) clade E, yang beredar di Thailand dan Asia Tenggara serta clade B yang beredar di Amerika Serikat dan Eropa. Para relawan mendapat enam kali suntikan selama lebih dari 6 bulan dengan empat suntikan ALVAC dan dua suntikan AIDSVAX. ALVAX adalah rekayasa genetik virus canarypox yang telah digabungkan ke dalam versi sintetik tiga gen HIV sedangkan AIDSVAX dibuat menggunakan dua versi dari satu gen HIV, satu dari subtipe B dan satu dari subtipe E.

Build Your Own Solar Panels

2009-09-24T03:55:00.000-07:00

Did you know? You can build your own solar panels, saving $10,000’s off retail price? You have probably read about it or seen it on TV, but have you tried it yourself?

"There is now a complete step-by-step video guide that can show you how to reduce your power bill by making your own solar panels."

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and co-founder of Earth4Energy.com

Hi, my name is Michael and I want to show you how to go green and save thousands at the same time.

After 15 years in the renewable energy industry I know what works and I know how you can start saving big money.

Please keep reading to find out more...

olar energy has come a long way in recent years however as you probably already know, it's still very expensive! ($27,000 average cost).

Over the last few years I have figured out how to significantly reduce this up front cost making it more affordable for the average home owner just like you.

Now you can build a single panel or a complete array of panels to power your home for a fraction of retail cost.

"Is It Easy To Make Solar Panels?"

Solar panels do seem complicated but when you know the basics of it you will understand just how easy it is to work with. All you really need is a "solar mentor" and that's where I come in.

A few years ago I started looking into solar energy. Just like you, I started with an online search on how I could save money with solar electricity.

I was astounded when I was given a quote of over $28,000 for a basic installation on my home. This was simply too much for me to afford and the pay back time was far too long. This prompted me to do some research into how the solar panels are created and how I could make them myself.

I soon realized it was possible to make solar panels for MUCH cheaper then retail prices. Moreover, it was actually easier than I thought!

I searched and searched online for an easy to follow guide but there just wasn't anything available. You have probably done the same thing and visited the same web sites I did.

All of the web sites and guides I came across had confusing diagrams and they were not very easy to follow. I wanted something that was completely step-by-step.

That's when I decided to develop this guide with my close friend Mark (A solar nut!). Keep reading to see what Mark and I have put together for you.

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Satellite TV For PC

2009-09-24T03:41:00.000-07:00

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CACAR AIR, MEWABAH DI PERGANTIAN MUSIM

2009-09-23T02:17:00.000-07:00

Meski namanya cacar air, penyakit ini sama sekali bukan disebabkan kegemaran si kecil main air.

Cacar air atau yang disebuat chicken pox disebabkan oleh virus varisela zooster. "Namanya juga virus, tentu ada di mana-mana dan keberadaannya sulit dideteksi dengan mata telanjang," ungkap dr. H. Hindra Irawan Satari, Sp.A(K).

Penularan cacar air bisa melalui percikan udara dari sekresi lendir, batuk maupun bersin. Sementara penyebab penularan yang paling potensial adalah kontak langsung pada lesi/bintik berisi cairan.

"Harap diwaspadai, ketika di kulit mulai muncul bintik dengan cairan yang masih jernih, itulah masa yang paling menular," ujar dokter spesialis anak dari Subbagian Infeksi dan Pediatri Tropis, Bagian Ilmu Kesehatan Anak FKUI-RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo, Jakarta. Baru setelah bintik-bintik itu berubah warna menjadi hitam, maka tidak menular lagi.

Gejala yang ditimbulkan adalah demam. "Namun demamnya tidak terlalu tinggi, sehingga orang tua sering mengabaikan dan menganggapnya hanya sebagai gejala flu biasa, padahal itu gejala awal cacar air," tutur dokter yang akrab disapa Hingky ini.

Gejala lain yang menyertai adalah munculnya bercak merah yang timbul dan berisi air jernih yang kemudian berubah menjadi keruh dan keropeng dalam waktu 24 jam. Ia menambahkan, "Bila sudah muncul bintik-bintik seperti itu sebaiknya orang tua segera membawa anak ke dokter. Biasanya bintik itu mulai dari daerah belakang kepala kemudian menjalar ke seluruh tubuh."

Menurut Hingky, ada musim-musim tertentu yang potensial menyebabkan terjadinya wabah cacar air. "Biasanya pergantian dari musim kemarau ke musim hujan, atau sebaliknya. Pada pergantian musim seperti ini kelembaban udara lebih tinggi, sehingga memungkinkan virus berkembang biak dengan subur. Sementara itu, di musim pancaroba anak biasanya lebih sering bermain dalam ruangan, sehingga memudahkan terjadinya penularan."

LAIN USIA LAIN PULA AKIBATNYA

Walaupun bukan termasuk penyakit berbahaya dan pada umumnya bisa sembuh sendiri dalam waktu seminggu, namun cacar air termasuk penyakit yang sangat menular. Pada dasarnya, tandas Hingky, virus ini menyerang ketika daya tahan tubuh seseorang sedang menurun. Dengan kata lain, walau tanpa diobati, bila daya tahan tubuhnya bagus dan sanggup melawan serangan virus, si anak bisa sembuh dengan sendirinya.

Namun, Hingky menyarankan agar penderita sebaiknya tetap dibawa ke dokter. Pertimbangannya, "Dengan diberi obat, cacar tidak akan meluas sampai ke seluruh tubuh."

Bisa dibayangkan bila cacar sampai mengenai daerah sekitar mulut, tentu akan mengganggu sekali. "Anak akan sulit makan yang berakibat pada kian melemahnya daya tahan tubuh sekaligus mempermudah berjangkitnya penyakit lain. Padahal makin kompleks penyakit yang masuk ke tubuh, tentu penanganannya akan makin sulit dan akibatnya pun pasti lebih berat."

Hingky menjelaskan bahwa cacar air pada prinsipnya bisa menyerang siapa saja dengan rentang usia dan stadium yang berbeda-beda.

* Bila menyerang bayi

Bayi yang usianya belum genap setahun umumnya akan lebih "menderita" saat terserang virus yang satu ini karena demamnya bisa sangat tinggi. Kalau kondisi tubuhnya sedang tidak bagus, kulitnya pun bisa terinfeksi bakteri. Sementara anak usia ini belum bisa mengeluhkan apa yang dirasakannya, kecuali hanya bisa rewel.

* Bila menyerang balita

Usia antara 1-5 tahun merupakan "usia ideal" terkena cacar air. Biasanya balita yang terserang virus ini hanya akan mengalami demam ringan dan bisa sembuh dalam waktu seminggu. Akan tetapi sebaiknya balita yang terkena cacar air tidak diajak pergi ke luar rumah supaya tidak menulari anak lain sekaligus tidak tertular virus/bakteri lainnya. Ingat, daya tahan tubuhnya sedang buruk.

* Bila menyerang anak usia sekolah

Di usia ini, gangguan terberat yang harus ditanggung anak yang terkena cacar air adalah lamanya ia tak bisa masuk sekolah. Anak yang terkena cacar air sebaiknya memang tidak masuk sekolah dulu sampai benar-benar sembuh, supaya tidak menulari teman-temannya. Sedangkan untuk penyakitnya sendiri, selama anak tersebut tidak mempunyai riwayat penyakit berat lainnya, umumnya akan sembuh dalam 5 hari sampai 1 minggu.

* Bila menyerang ibu hamil

Wanita yang berencana hamil dan belum pernah terkena cacar air amat disarankan untuk segera mendapat vaksinasi cacar air. Ia pun sebaiknya menjauhi orang yang terkena cacar cair supaya tidak tertular.

Bila wanita hamil terjangkit penyakit ini pada trimester pertama, ia dapat menularkan cacar air itu pada bayinya. Bahayanya, si bayi sangat berpeluang terkena herpes zooster di usia 10 tahun. Bila mengenai wanita hamil trimester dua, virus ini dapat menyebabkan gangguan kehamilan. Sedangkan wanita hamil yang terkena cacar air saat melahirkan, akibat yang dialaminya bisa lebih berat lagi, di antaranya risiko kematian.

* Bila menyerang orang dewasa

Cacar air yang menyerang orang dewasa umumnya akan lebih parah dalam arti bekas-bekas cacar air di tubuh orang dewasa akan lebih sulit hilang. Masa penyembuhannya pun lebih lama, yakni sekitar 2 minggu.

CACAR AIR TANPA BOPENG

Akibat lain yang sering dikhawatirkan dari cacar air adalah bopeng. Padahal sebenarnya bopeng ini tidak perlu terjadi dan yang membedakan cacar air dengan cacar biasa adalah bopeng itu sendiri. "Kalau cacar biasa pasti meninggalkan bopeng, sedangkan cacar air seharusnya tidak," ujar Hingky. Lalu mengapa pada sebagian orang yang pernah terkena cacar air, bekasnya tidak bisa hilang?

"Itu lebih karena dipicu rasa gatal yang ditimbulkan. Biasanya karena tidak tahan dengan gatalnya, lalu bekas cacar air tersebut digaruk terlalu dalam, sehingga lapisan kulit yang seharusnya membentuk lapisan kulit baru terambil. Nah, itulah yang menyebabkan bopeng," jelasnya.

Untuk mencegah supaya tidak terjadi bopeng, sebaiknya potong kuku anak yang sedang sakit. Dengan begitu, tidak ada lapisan kulit yang terkelupas saat digaruk. Untuk mengurangi rasa gatalnya, gunakan bedak khusus yang mengandung calamine. Namun, hati-hati saat mengoleskannya karena air yang ada dalam bintik cacar merupakan media penularan yang paling cepat. Usahakan bintik cacar tidak pecah saat diolesi bedak.

CACAR AIR YANG BERULANG

Pada prinsipnya, seperti ditandaskan Hingky, sekali kena cacar air, maka seumur hidup yang bersangkutan tidak bisa terkena penyakit ini lagi. Namun, belakangan mulai marak penderita yang terpapar cacar air secara berulang atau setelah sekian tahun tertular lagi. Menurutnya, "Pada beberapa anak yang memang daya tahan tubuhnya rendah, mungkin saja hal itu terjadi. Namun, kasus seperti ini angkanya kecil sekali."

Lalu benarkah ada juga orang "kebal" yang tidak pernah terkena cacar air seumur hidupnya? "Sebenarnya tidak persis seperti itu. Mungkin saja dia terkena cacar air, tapi tidak menimbulkan sakit karena memang tidak semua cacar air berakibat sakit. Atau bisa juga begitu tertular, tubuhnya langsung membentuk kekebalan secara alami, sehingga yang bersangkutan hanya merasakannya seperti demam biasa, tanpa muncul bintik-bintik cacar."

BILA BERAKHIR KEMATIAN

Kasus berat bisa saja terjadi pada anak penderita cacar air. "Contohnya pada anak yang memang daya tahan tubuhnya kurang bagus dan disertai infeksi lain atau virusnya terbilang ganas," ungkap Hingky. Pada kasus berat seperti ini, bukan tak mungkin akan timbul gangguan pada kulit, mata, bahkan otak. Penanganannya pun pasti lebih berat dan kompleks.

Kendati termasuk penyakit ringan, cacar air juga bisa menjadi penyebab kematian. Terutama bila menyerang anak-anak yang sedang menjalani pengobatan dengan penurunan daya tahan tubuh, semisal pengobatan untuk penyakit kanker. "Masalahnya, pengobatan kanker umumnya dilakukan dengan 'membunuh' sel-sel darah putih. Padahal sel-sel darah putih ini sangat penting untuk menjaga daya tahan tubuh. Nah, apa jadinya bila anak ini terserang cacar air? Di saat daya tahan tubuhnya nyaris tidak ada, berarti peluangnya terancam kematian juga semakin besar.

Demikian juga anak-anak yang menderita leukemia. Bila mereka juga terjangkit virus cacar air, bisa fatal akibatnya. Namun, Hingky mengingatkan, angka kematian yang disebabkan cacar air sangat rendah dan itu pun umumnya anak dengan kasus khusus yang populasinya memang relatif jauh lebih sedikit.

VAKSINASI CACAR AIR

Seperti halnya penyakit yang disebabkan virus, sebetulnya cacar air memiliki vaksin yang mampu menangkalnya. Efektivitasnya bahkan menembus angka 97%. "Berdasarkan penelitian yang pernah dilakukan, dari 100 anak yang divaksinasi, hanya 3 orang yang terkena cacar air, itu pun hanya tergolong ringan," papar Hingky. Terlebih, bila sebelum usia 13 tahun anak sudah mendapat vaksin cacar air, ia dinyatakan tidak akan terkena cacar air seumur hidupnya.

Itulah mengapa di Amerika dianjurkan agar di atas usia 1 tahun anak diberi vaksin cacar air. Sedangkan, Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia (IDAI) menganjurkan vaksin cacar air dilakukan pada anak di atas usia 10 tahun. Mengapa demikian?

"Masalah ini sampai sekarang masih menimbulkan perdebatan. Ada yang berpendapat cacar air yang menyerang anak sebelum genap 10 tahun, masih dikategorikan sebagai penyakit ringan. Sedangkan pendapat lainnya mengatakan kalau bisa dicegah dari dini, mengapa harus menunggu sampai 10 tahun?"
CACAR API

Selain cacar air, belakangan muncul penyakit serupa yang oleh awam sering diistilahkan sebagai cacar api. "Sebenarnya itu bukan cacar, melainkan infeksi bakteri pada kulit berupa borok yang muncul di seluruh tubuh," ungkap Hingky. Meski sebenarnya kuman ada di permukaan kulit, tapi karena ada luka dan digaruk, kuman kemudian masuk ke bawah kulit lalu menyebabkan infeksi. Infeksi ini bisa disertai demam, bisa juga tidak.

Infeksi disebabkan karena kurang bersihnya daerah tempat tinggal/lingkungan hidup si anak. Perlu diketahui, anak-anak yang tinggal di daerah kumuh lebih rentan terinfeksi bakteri. Begitu juga anak yang hidup dengan kebersihan, kondisi gizi, dan daya tahan tubuh yang rendah.
TIPS UNTUK ORANG TUA

Ada beberapa hal yang disarankan Hingky buat para orang tua yang anaknya tertular cacar air, antara lain:

* Pisahkan tempat tidur si anak dari kakak/adiknya karena cacar air sangat mudah menular.

* Jangan pernah gunakan peralatan mandi dan peralatan makan secara bergantian dengan anak yang terkena cacar air.

* Gunting kukunya supaya tidak menimbulkan luka saat menggaruk bekas cacar air.

* Bila demamnya sudah turun, sebaiknya segera mandikan anak seperti biasa, dengan menggunakan sabun dan sampo. Tapi bila demamnya masih tinggi, sebaiknya jangan dimandikan dulu.

* Untuk meningkatkan daya tahan tubuhnya, sebaiknya konsumsi makanan yang banyak mengandung vitamin dan mineral. Misalnya sayur-sayuran hijau dan buah-buahan manis.

Bahaya Plastik - Kode Bahan Plastik

2009-09-20T08:59:00.001-07:00

Sudah banyak orang yang memberi peringatan, rumor, gosip bahkan artikel majalah tentang bahaya plastik. Tetapi tetap saja hanya segelintir orang yang menggubris, peduli atau sampai meneliti lebih lanjut.

Plastik adalah salah satu bahan yang dapat kita temui di hampir setiap barang. Mulai dari botol minum, TV, kulkas, pipa pralon, plastik laminating, gigi palsu, compact disk (CD), kutex (pembersih kuku), mobil, mesin, alat-alat militer hingga pestisida. Oleh karena itu kita bisa hampir dipastikan pernah menggunakan dan memiliki barang-barang yang mengandung Bisphenol-A. Salah satu barang yang memakai plastik dan mengandung Bisphenol A adalah industri makanan dan minuman sebagai tempat penyimpan makanan, plastik penutup makanan, botol air mineral, dan botol bayi walaupun sekarang sudah ada botol bayi dan penyimpan makanan yang tidak mengandung Bisphenol A sehingga aman untuk dipakai makan. Satu tes membuktikan 95% orang pernah memakai barang mengandung Bisphenol-A.

Plastik dipakai karena ringan, tidak mudah pecah, dan murah. Akan tetapi plastik juga beresiko terhadap lingkungan dan kesehatan keluarga kita. Oleh karena itu kita harus mengerti plastik-plastik yang aman untuk kita pakai.

Apakah arti dari simbol-simbol yang kita temui pada berbagai produk plastik?

#1. PETE atau PET (polyethylene terephthalate) biasa dipakai untuk botol plastik yang jernih/transparan/ tembus pandang seperti botol air mineral, botol jus, dan hampir semua botol minuman lainnya. Boto-botol dengan bahan #1 dan #2 direkomendasikan hanya untuk sekali pakai. Jangan pakai untuk air hangat apalagi panas. Buang botol yang sudah lama atau terlihat baret-baret.

#2. HDPE (high density polyethylene) biasa dipakai untuk botol susu yang berwarna putih susu. Sama seperti #1 PET, #2 juga direkomendasikan hanya untuk sekali pemakaian.

#3. V atau PVC (polyvinyl chloride) adalah plastik yang paling sulit di daur ulang. Plastik ini bisa ditemukan pada plastik pembungkus (cling wrap), dan botol-botol. Kandungan dari PVC yaitu DEHA yang terdapat pada plastik pembungkus dapat bocor dan masuk ke makanan berminyak bila dipanaskan. PVC berpotensi berbahaya untuk ginjal, hati dan berat badan.

#4. LDPE (low density polyethylene) biasa dipakai untuk tempat makanan dan botol-botol yang lembek. Barang-barang dengan kode #4 dapat di daur ulang dan baik untuk barang-barang yang memerlukan fleksibilitas tetapi kuat. Barang dengan #4 bisa dibilang tidak dapat di hancurkan tetapi tetap baik untuk tempat makanan.

#5. PP (polypropylene) adalah pilihan terbaik untuk bahan plastik terutama untuk yang berhubungan dengan makanan dan minuman seperti tempat menyimpan makanan, botol minum dan terpenting botol minum untuk bayi. Karakteristik adalah biasa botol transparan yang tidak jernih atau berawan. Cari simbol ini bila membeli barang berbahan plastik.

#6. PS (polystyrene) biasa dipakai sebagai bahan tempat makan styrofoam, tempat minum sekali pakai, dll. Bahan Polystyrene bisa membocorkan bahan styrine ke dalam makanan kPolystyrene foam containers are a common nuisance worldwide: they cause pollution in their production, they are a waste of resources since they are used only once, they don't biodegrade for hundreds of years, and they release toxic gases when burned. The styrene may even be a health concern as it can leach out of the packaging and into human fat tissue.etika makanan tersebut bersentuhan. Bahan Styrine berbahaya untuk otak dan sistem syaraf. Selain tempat makanan, styrine juga bisa didapatkan dari asap rokok, asap kendaraan dan bahan konstruksi gedung. Bahan ini harus dihindari dan banyak negara bagian di Amerika sudah melarang pemakaian tempat makanan berbahan styrofoam termasuk negara China.

#7. Other (biasanya polycarbonate) bisa didapatkan di tempat makanan dan minuman seperti botol minum olahraga. Polycarbonate bisa mengeluarkan bahan utamanya yaitu Bisphenol-A ke dalam makanan dan minuman yang berpotensi merusak sistem hormon. Hindari bahan plastik Polycarbonate.

Masih banyak sekali barang plastik yang tidak mencantumkan simbol-simbol ini, terutama barang plastik buatan lokal di Indonesia . Oleh karena itu, kalau anda ragu lebih baik tidak membeli. Kalaupun barang bersimbol lebih mahal, harga tersebut lebih berharga dibandingkan kesehatan keluarga kita.

Pada akhirnya. Hindari penggunaan plastik apapun di Microwave. Gunakan bahan keramik, gelas atau pyrex sebagai gantinya.

Hindari juga membuang sampah plastik terutama yang mengandung Bisphenol-A sembarangan karena bahan tersebut pun bisa mencemari air tanah yang pada akhirnya pun bisa mencemari air minum banyak orang.

Semoga informasi ini bermanfaat.

Menaikkan PageRank dari Google

2009-09-19T05:48:00.000-07:00

PageRank tinggi merupaka hal wajib yang dikejar oleh para blogger atau pemilik website supaya mendapatkan tempat teratas pada saat muncul di google search engine. Setelah saya mengunjungi beberapa blog dan website, maka saya dapat menyimpulkan bahwa untuk menaikkan pagerank adalah dengan memperbanyak backlink. Backlink adalah link-link yang menuju ke blog atau website kita. Lalu bagaimana memperbanyak backlink?

Berikut adalah beberapa tips untuk memperbanyak backlink, yaitu:

1. Melakukan pertukaran link dengan para blogger
2. Membeli beberapa link
3. Aktif dalam forum dan meninggalkan link kita
4. Memberikan comment di blog-blog yang memiliki pagerank tinggi

Hal terpenting yang harus diingat adalah backlink kita harus berasal dari blog / web / forum yang memiliki topic yang relevan dengan blog kita. selamat mencoba

Daftar PTC Scam

2009-09-19T04:52:00.000-07:00

Apa itu PTC scam? PTC scam adalah PTC yang membohongi para anggotanya alias tidak dibayar. Jadi jangan mau tertipu oleh PTC macam ini. Sebelum memulai dalam bisnis PTC ini, anda harus mencari dahulu mana PTC yang benar dan yang palsu. Untuk neobux dan klikrupiah sudah saya buktikan merupakan PTC yang telah membayar saya. Untuk daftar PTC berikut merupakan PTC Scam.

* 07Bux
* 247bux
* 5fivebux

A

* adandel
* ara-bux
* Avenger-bux

B

* Bastardcash
* Baybux
* beanybux
* bux-star
* bux.bg
* bux.to
* bux3
* buxbytes
* buxcorp
* buxculture
* buxear
* buxeast
* buxfly
* buxguaranteed
* buxinstant
* buxip
* buxlv
* buxnext
* buxparidase
* buxpoint
* buxrev
* buxvision

C

* Canadianclicks
* Carrotclicks
* Cashmybux
* cashnads
* cent-bux
* clickin.me
* clickmybux
* crewbux
* croptc

D

* dailycent
* dannybux
* dingobux
* dualbux
* duobux

E

* e-clickz
* earn.nu
* easyflowup
* eliteclickerz
* eliteclicks
* epicclicks
* erabux

F

* fatcashcow
* feelbux
* fillowbux
* getyourgpt
* gold-office
* goldengalaxy
* goldsbux
* goobux

h

* hawkinsbux

i

* idealbux
* incomeway
* infinitebux
* insta-bux
* instantclix
* instantlyptc
* instanttrustbux
* isabelmarco
* ITN-ptc

k

* kingsclicker

l

* Lilabux
* litlemermaidptc

m

* madabux
* madnessbux
* mainbux
* makemybux
* mariobux
* massiveptc
* mbbux
* meansbux
* megacashclicks
* mexclix
* myprobux
* myspacetoearn

n

* nationclicks
* nerobux
* nightclix
* novelbux
* novobux

o

* occupex
* oldschoolbux
* olimpycbuc
* osobux

p

* paidtobux
* paidtoclix
* PPclix
* prosperbux
* ptcaddicts
* ptcheaven
* ptcnation
* qinex
* quicbux

r

* reachbux
* refbux
* revolutionbux
* richclix
* roudycash

s

* saintbernardptc
* sandraclicks
* seriusclickers
* simplybux
* smithbux
* snowbux
* splashptc
* sunsetclicks

t

* taketheglobe
* thegoldsafe
* thepaybux
* thinkbux
* todaysbux
* tomorrow-bux
* toroads
* totalbux
* trafficleaderbux
* tribux
* triplebux
* tumoney

u

* ubiclix
* uniclix
* unobux
* uronlinebux

w

* wepaybux
* windbux
* worldclix
* worldofbux

PTC Luar

2009-09-19T04:31:00.000-07:00

NeoBux merupakan PTC (Paid To Click) luar yang terbukti telah membayar para anggota-nya. Ingin mencoba? Daftar di sini

Kita akan dibayar untuk setiap iklan yang kita klik. Rata-rata iklan per hari adalah 5-10 iklan. Pembayaran minimal akan dilakukan bila penghasilan kita sudah mencapai US$ 2. Untuk pembayaran bisa melalui paypal.

CR-V Anyar Lahir di Jepang

2009-09-18T23:30:00.000-07:00

Tokyo - Meski tidak terdengar melakukan seremonial ketika peluncurannya, Sport Utility Vehicle (SUV) terbaru dari Honda CR-V akhirnya datang juga. Harganya mulai Rp 250 juta hingga Rp 350 jutaan di Jepang sana.

Gambar CR-V terbaru ini sudah mulai terlihat telah dipamerkan di situs resmi Honda Jepang. Bahkan Honda Jepang pun sudah merilis harga jual dari CR-V terbaru ini.

SUV anyar Honda tersebut dibagi dalam 5 varian bermesin 2.4L DOHC i-VTEC yang dijual antara 2.450.000 yen hingga 3.390.000 yen dengan dua pilihan roda pengggerak yakni CR-V yang berpenggerak roda depan dan yang berpenggerak empat roda.

Kelima varian tersebut adalah CR-V dengan tipe ZX yang berpenggerak empat roda. Varian ini memiliki tiga tipe yang dijual dengan rentang harga antara 2.750.000 yen sampai 3.050.000 yen.

Sementara varian ZL yang berpenggerak roda depan di jual dengan harga antara 2.450.000 yen hingga 2.840.000 yen.

Nah, kedua varian tersebut ternyata masih juga memiliki kakak kandung yang telah disetting lebih mewah untuk diijadikan top of the line model ini yakni ZXi dan ZLi. Kedua varian ini dilepas masing-masing dengan harga 3.390.000 yen dan 3.210.000 yen.

Sedangkan tipe terakhir adalah CR-V tipe X yang memiliki penggerak empat roda
dibandrol dengan harga 2.520.000 yen.

PT Honda Prospect Motor (HPM) yang menjadi agen tunggal pemegang merek mobil
Honda di Indonesia pun sebelumnya sudah mengkonfirmasi bahwa ada kemungkinan
varian anyar dari CR-V ini akan pula di datangkan ke Indonesia.

"CR-V baru (facelift) akan kita coba pasarkan di Indonesia tahun depan," ungkap Jonfis beberapa waktu lalu.

PPC Lokal

2009-09-07T22:08:00.000-07:00

PPC atau Pay Per Click merupakan salah satu sumber penghasilan bagi para netters di seluruh dunia. karena melalui program ini kita bisa menghasilkan uang sambil berseluncur di dunia maya. Berikut saya akan mereview salah satu PPC lokal yaitu klikrupiah

PPC lokal ini termasuk pay per clik yang paling lama bertahan dan sudah terbukti membayar para members-nya. Untuk setiap iklan yang kita klik, kita akan dibayar Rp 100/klik, dan setiap harinya ada 3-5 iklan yang bisa kita klik. dan setiap iklan yang diklik oleh refferal kita, kita juga mendapatkan uang. Pembayaran akan diterima untuk setiap Rp 50.000 yang kita hasilkan dan bisa di transfer melalui Bank BCA. Untuk mendaftar silahkan klik banner di atas.

Salam sukses...

Menampilkan code html pada postingan tanpa di eksekusi

2009-09-05T05:30:00.000-07:00

Sering kali kita mau menampilkan code html dalam posting kita, tapi yang muncul malah code html tersebut telah tereksekusi. Misalnya anda mau menampilkan code :

<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_TnFdUdjB7NI/SqJbFeBpaaI/AAAAAAAAABo/yOziCbhWYlg/s1600-h/tux-icon.jpg"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 48px; height: 48px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_TnFdUdjB7NI/SqJbFeBpaaI/AAAAAAAAABo/yOziCbhWYlg/s320/tux-icon.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5377961054551239074" /></a>

tetapi yang muncul di posting langsung gambar berikut :

maka hal yang harus anda lakukan adalah menganti code < dengan & l t ; (tanpa spasi) dan code > dengan & g t ; (juga tanpa spasi).

contoh :

untuk menampilkan <head> maka pada posting diketik & l t ;head & g t ; (ingat tanpa spasi)

selamat mencoba... semoga membantu...

Menambahkan Social Bookmarks Icon di Akhir Posting

2009-09-03T07:54:00.000-07:00

Halo semua, bagi newbie seperti saya ini, saya juga mau share sedikit info untuk mempercantik blog kita. Untuk first posting, saya ingin share bagaimana menambahkan Ikon Social Bookmarks di setiap postingan seperti gambar di bawah ini :

Langsung aza :

Step #1. Masuk ke Blogger Template -> Edit Html ‘Expand widget templates’ dan ganti

<head>

dengan kode :

<head><script src=’http://blogergadgets.googlecode.com/files/simpletricks.js’></script>

Step #2. Lalu cari kode berikut :

<p class=’post-footer-line’>

Step #3. Setelah ketemu, tempatkan kode pada link ini tepat di bawah kode pada step 2

Step #4. Simpan template anda.

Silahkan mencoba, mudah-mudahkan membantu... salam sukses